Counseling and Helping Relationships Flashcards
carl jung
founder of analytic psychology (individual psyche and quest for wholeness)
related concepts - archetype, collective unconscious, anima, animus
alfred adler
father of individual psychology
includes context in social environment
sibiling interactions
transactional analysis
eric berne
interactions analyzed to determine ego states
Parent - super ego
Adult - ego
Child - id
eros vs thanatos
eros = the life instinct or self preservation instinct thanatos = the death instinct, aggression, risky behavior, reliving trauma
wolpe
systematic desensitization
based on pavlova classical conditioning
manifest and latent content
manifest = surface meaning of a dream latent = hidden meaning in a dream
psychodynamic movement cases
Anna O = first psychodynamic pt, freud, hysteria
Little Hans = the psychodynamic approach to little albert basically, using this theory to explain phobias
Danial Paul Scherber = 9 years in mental hospital, freud wrote analysis from his memoir.
topographical theory
iceberg theory
unconscious, preconscious, conscious
defense mechanisms
repression
denial
projection - attributing own unacceptable thoughts to others
displacement - satisfying impulse with substitute behavior
sublimation - satisfying impulse with another object in a socially acceptable way.
regression
compensation
reaction formation - acts opposite of how they are actually feeling
sour grapes vs sweet lemons
sour grapes = underrate something that didn’t happen/work out
sweet lemons = overrate whatever did workout, they didnt want but got.
organ inferiority
how those born with physical deficits developed feelings of inferiority to others and tried to compensate
rudolph dreikurs
adler student, first to discuss use of group therapy in private practice.
anima vs animus
anima = unconscious feminine side of man
animus - unconscious masculine side of woman
frederick c thorne
eclectic, eclecticism in approach to therapy.
associationism
ideas are held together with different associations
locke, hume, mill, hartley
most effective time interval
.5 seconds
neal miller
first to show that animals could be conditioned to control automatic processes, rewarded rats to control heart rate and intestinal contractions
depth psychology
study of unconscious mental processes or motives, psychodynamic
EMG feedback
electromyogram
used to measure muscle tension for biofeedback
EEG neurofeedback
electroencephalogram
monitors brain waves for biofeedback
EKG feedback
electrocardiogram
heart rate data for biofeedback
GSR feedback
galvanic skin response
measures sweat gland activity in response to emotional arousal for biofeedback
schedules for reinforcement
fixed ratio
fixed interval
variable ratio
variable interval
VR > VI > FR > FI
sensate focus
form of behavioral sex therapy
relies on counter conditioning
albert ellis
founder of CBT movement
existential psychologists
Binswager, Frankl, Rank, May, Yalom
umwelt
physical world
mitwelt
relational world
eigenwelt
identity, personal world
reality therapy
problem solving and making better choices for specific goals
developed by Glasser
here and now
Glasser
founder of reality therapy
choice theory psychology
8 steps in reality therapy
- Build a good relationship
- Examine the current behavior
- Evaluate behavior-helpful or not?
- Brainstorm alternatives
- Commit to new plan
- Evaluate results-no punish/excuses
- Accept logical & natural consequences
- Don’t get discouraged
REBT
rational emotive behavior therapy
founder albert ellis
clients emotional disturbance is the result of irrational thoughts and ideas
RBT
rational behavior therapy
maultsby
emphasizes a written self analysis, more self directed.
donald meichenbaum
stress inoculation treatment (self instructional training)
educational phase
rehearse phase
application phase
gestalt therapy
developed by fitz perls
unresolved conflicts showing up in current situations
here and now
uses role playing and experiential activities (empty chair)
carkhuff and gazda
empathy and counselor effectiveness scales
transtheoretical model of change
prochaska
precontemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance
NLP
neurolinguistic programming
reframing and anchoring
perls, 5 layers of neurosis
phony layer phobic layer impasse layer implosive layer explosive layer
truax and carkhuff
created program to help counselors learn accurate empathy
rogers
person centered
= individual is good and moves toward self actualization
berne
transactional analysis
= messages learned in childhood about self determine whether person is good or bad, intervention can change this
freud
psychoanalysis
= deterministic, people are controlled by biological instincts
ellis
rational emotive behavior therapy
= cultural and biological instinct to think in disturbed manner but can be taught differently
perls
gestalt therapy
= people are not good or bad, seen as whole and a part of their own environment
glasser
reality therapy
= individuals strive to meet basic psychological needs and need to be worthwhile to self and others
adler
individuals psychology
= people are basically good, much of behavior is determined by birth order
jung
analytic psychology
= strive for individuation or a sense of self fulfillment
skinner
behavior modification
= humans are controlled by enviro stimuli and reinforcement contingencies, no good or bad, no self determination
bandura
neobehavioristic
= person produces and is a product of conditioning. observation and modeling important
frankl
logotherapy
= existential view humans are good, rational and retain choice of freedom
williamson
trait-factor
= humans born with potential for good or evil, others are needed to unlock good potential, humans are rational but not intuitive.
