Cosmological

Question 1

Cosmological

Aquinas 1st way

Answer 1

Unmoved mover

The universe is in a state of motion, must have a cause

Question 2

Cosmological

Aquinas 2nd way

Answer 2

Uncaused caused

Chain of cause and effect must have started somewhere

Question 3

Cosmological

Aquinas 3rd way

Answer 3

Contingency

Every relies on something else for its existence, the ultimate cause must not be contingent, it must be necessary

Question 4

Cosmological

Copleston

Answer 4

The world is made up of contingent things

All contingent things have an external cause

The world must also, it’s reason must be self explanatory

Question 5

Cosmological

Leibniz

Answer 5

“Why is there something rather than nothing”

All things need sufficient reason to exist

The universe does not contain within itself it’s reason for existence

Question 6

Cosmological

Criticism - Russell

Answer 6

Universe JUST IS, It infinitely regresses

Everything has a cause > universe has a cause
= too big a leap

Just because people have a mother doesn’t mean the universe does

Question 7

Cosmological

Criticism - Hume

Answer 7

Imagination connects cause and effect

Simpler to argue the cause of the universe within itself

Question 8

Cosmological

Criticism - Kant

Answer 8

God is outside time and space, can’t apply a cause to something we haven’t experienced

Question 9

Cosmological

William lane craig

Answer 9

Actual infinite cannot exist as we have already arrived at the present

Universe cannot infinitely regress, must have a beginning created by something outside time