Cortical lesions Flashcards
What is the role of the frontal lobe in human cognition?
Voluntary movement, language fluency (left), motor prosody (right), comportment, executive function, motivation
What is the role of the parietal lobe in human cognition?
tactile sensation, visuospatial function, attention, reading (left), writing (left), calculation
What is the role of the temporal lobe in human cognition?
language comprehension (left), sensory prosody, memory, emotion
What is the role of the occipital lobe in human cognition?
vision, visual perception, visual recognition
What are the major frontal lobe syndromes?
Broca’s aphasia, motor aprosody
Nonlinguistic syndromes: Disinhibition, executive dysfunction, apathy
A lesion in which part of the frontal lobe would lead to disinhibition?
orbitofrontal area
A lesion in which part of the frontal lobe would lead to executive dysfunction?
dorsolateral prefrontal area
A lesion in which part of the frontal lobe would lead to apathy?
medial frontal area
What major cognitive disorders are related to temporal lobe lesions?
Wernicke’s aphasia, sensory aprosody, amnesia, emotional deficits
What is sensory aprosody?
inability to comprehend emotional inflection of speech
what is motor aprosody?
inability to reflect speech with emotion
What is hemineglect?
failure to report, respond to, or orient to sensory stimuli that cannot be explained by primary sensory dysfunction
Which hemisphere is more associated with lesions that cause hemineglect?
Right hemisphere (parietal lobe)
What is a visual field deficit?
absence of vision
What is visual agnosia?
visual image is seen, but not recognized
