Cortical Areas Flashcards
Define primary cortical areas
They assemble inputs from various sensory systems (sensory areas) or are responsible for the execution of a motor plan (motor areas).
What are the primary cortical areas ?
- M1 : primary motor cortex
- S1 : primary somatosensory motor cortex
- V1 : primary visual cortex
- A1 : primary auditory cortex
- O1 : primary olfactory / enthorinal cortex
What is the role of secondary cortical areas ?
To assemble inputs from primary cortical areas, in order to create a context of internal and external processes and maintain memory of motor process (long term and short term procedural memory).
List the secondary cortical areas
- SMA : supplementary motor cortex
- PMC : premotor cortex
- AC : association cortex
- V2 : secondary visual cortex
- B : Broca area
- W : Wernicke area
Describe the role of PMC and SMA
Premotor cortex and supplementary motor cortex are two functional areas involved in processes that require procedural memory information in order to speed up the motor execution of M1.
PMC activates in activities requiring long term procedural memory, while SMA is related to shortly learned movements (short term memory).
What is the function of tertiary cortical areas ?
They are responsible for interpreting internal and external contexts, reasoning process, decision making and declarative memory processes.
List the tertiary cortical areas
- PFC : prefrontal cortex
- V3 : tertiary visual cortex
- TA : temporal pole
What is the role of the dlPFC ?
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is involved in motor strategy (dominant side) and behavioral strategy (non-dominant side).
What is the role of the FP ?
The frontal pole or frontopolar cortex is involved in intrinsic cognitive process.
What is the role of the vlPFC ?
The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is involved in adaptive behavior.
What is the role of dmPFC ?
The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex is involved in working memory and its relation to emotional modulation.
What is the function of the OFC ?
The orbitofrontal cortex plays a role in associative learning (stimulus-stimulus learning association), mainly taste and smell with visual representation from the temporal pole.
What is the function of SMA ?
Supplementary motor cortex is related to shortly learned movements, that is to say short-term memory.
What is the function of the PMC ?
The premotor cortex activates in activities requiring long term procedural memory.
What is the function of M1 ?
The primary motor cortex is responsible for executing the motor plan after regulation and influences the direction of the movement (grossly) on the dominant side.
