Cortex Functioning Flashcards
Limbic Cortex Function
Homeostasis-Olfaction-Memory-Emotions/Drives
Primary Motor Location
Precentral gyrus in frontal lobe
Primary Somatosensory Location
Postcentral gyrus in parietal lobe
Primary Visual Location
Banks of calcarine fissure in occipital lobe
Primary Auditory Location
Transverse gyrus of heschl in temporal lobe
Unimodal Association
High order processing of modality-specific sensory information in areas adjacent to primary sensory areas; Proprocessing/planning of motor functioning in areas adjacent to primary motor
Heteromodal Association
Integrates multimodal information from unimodal association areas and limbic system; integrates complex sensory/motor information with emotion, motivation and drives; pr-frontal cortex and lateral temporal-parietal-occipital area
Receptive Language
language processing of information which results in comprehension
Receptive Auditory Comprehension Pathway
Primary auditory area (Heschl’s gryrus) –> Wernicke’s area (superior temporal gyrus)
Wernicke’s Area
Maps sounds to meaning
Expressive Language
production of language with the intention of transmitting information to oneself or another person
Speech Production Pathway
Broca’s area (inferior frontal gyrus) –> Primary motor area (precentral gyrus)
Broca’s Area
Contains motor programs for speech
Repetition Pathway
Wernicke’s area –> arcuate fasciculus (white matter track)–> Broca’s area
Aphasia
Loss of previous acquired language functioning
Broca’s Aphasia
Impaired speech/expressive language
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Impaired understanding/receptive language
Conduction Aphasia
Impaired repetition
Global Aphasia
All language is impaired: Expressive and Receptive
Apraxia
Inability to carry out previously-learned skilled motor movements
Selective/Directed Attention
Focusing attention on a particular domain above others
Hemineglect Syndrome
Inattention to contralateral side of space
Spatial Analysis
Mental rotations, spatial imagery, spacial construction
Dorsal Pathway for Visual Processing
Where: motion and spatial relations
Simultanagnosia
Dorsal Disruption; inability to perceive more than one object at a time
Ventral Pathway for Visual Processing
What: Form and Color
Prosopagnosia
Inability to perceive faces
Procedural Memory
Memory for skills that cannot be easily verbalized; Involves cerebellum and basal ganglia
Declarative Memory
Memory for information that can be verbalized, including visual information, facts and events; Involves the hippocampus
Hippocampus
Transfers information from conscious awareness/working memory to long term memory
