Corruption Flashcards

1
Q

What are the key aspects of the definition? (2)

A
  1. ‘Misuse of authority’

2. ‘For personal gain’

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2
Q

What are the categories of corruption? (3)

A
  1. Misfeasance
  2. Non-feasance
  3. Malfeasance
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3
Q

What are the costs of corruption? (3)

A
  1. Undermined integrity of law-enforcement, effectiveness of CJS and confidence in police
  2. Allow criminal activity to remain undetected/ protected
  3. Financial costs: ‘secret tax’, wasted resources
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4
Q

What are the types of corruption? (5) and what is the most common?

A
  1. Gratuities (most common)
  2. Bribes
  3. Theft/ burglary
  4. Internal corruption
  5. Brutality
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5
Q

What are the processes of becoming corrupt?

A

Begin with gratuities, shifts from reactive to proactive (‘slippery slope’)

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6
Q

What are the levels of corruption? (3)

A
  1. Rotten apples and rotten pockets (isolated individual)
  2. Pervasive unorganised corruption (more widespread)
  3. Pervasive organised corruption (internally networked)
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7
Q

What is the prevalence of corruption in the UK?

A

Between 0.5 and 1% of police staff are potentially corrupt

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8
Q

What are the different explanations for corruption? (5)

A
  1. Individual level
  2. Socio-structural (lack of consensus in law)
  3. Nature of police work (low visibility, lack of supervision)
  4. Police subculture (cultural themes: solidarity, isolation)
  5. Police organisation (poor leadership, emphasis on performance at any cost)
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9
Q

What are the internal strategies of control? (2)

A
  1. Policies
    - Standards of behaviour, consistency in police operations
  2. Training, Supervision and Discipline
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10
Q

What are the external strategies of control? (4)

A
  1. Specialist investigations (SOCA 10, Operation Sacristy)
  2. Criminal Prosecution (rare)
  3. Mobilising public opinion
  4. Citizen oversight (PCCs: citizen presence)
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