Correlation studies + questionnaires and surveys

Question 1

Correlation

Answer 1

Measures the extent to which pairs of related values of two variables tend to change together or co-vary

Question 2

Positive correlation

Answer 2

If one variable tends to increase with the other variable

Question 3

Negative correlation

Answer 3

If one variable tends to decrease as the other variable increases

Question 4

Curvilinear relationship

Answer 4

A relationship between two variables where when one variable increases, so does the other variable, but only up to a certain point after which as one variable continues to increase, the other decreases

Question 5

Experimental research

Answer 5

• Used to test cause-and-effect relationships between variables.
• An independent variable is manipulated, and a dependent variable is measured.
• Extraneous variables are controlled so they do not influence the variable being measured.
• High internal validity allows us to draw conclusions about causality.

Question 6

Correlation research

Answer 6

• Used to test the association between variables.
• Variables are only observed with no manipulation by the researcher.
• Limited control is used so that other variables may play a role in the relationship.
• High external validity; you can generalize your conclusions to other populations or settings.

Question 7

Common ways to obtain data for a correlation study

Answer 7

Questionnaires and/or surveys

Question 8

Psychometric tests

Answer 8

E.g IQ tests, measures of depressive symptoms, tests of attitudes etc

Question 9

Regression analysis

Answer 9

a set of statistical methods used for the estimation of relationships between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables

Question 10

Inductive content analysis

Answer 10

When there is no statistical measurement being pulled from a questionnaire/survey etc, instead the researcher interprets the data and draws conclusions about the different group.

Question 11

Correlational studies are…

Answer 11

A quantitative approach to studying behaviour

Question 12

Questionnaire

Answer 12

Any written set of questions (the goal of the questions is to collect qualitative data with regard to a person’s opinions and/or attitudes)

Question 13

Survey

Answer 13

Both a set of questions and the process of collecting, aggregating and analysing responses from those questions (produce quantitative data that can be analysed though the use of descriptive statistics