corrections Flashcards
what is a common reducing agent
LiAlH4
What are aldehydes reduced to
primary alcohols
In which technique will the test compound always be destroyed
mass spectroscopy because the compound breaks to give the different lines
What is complexometric calculations used for
used for METAL IONS
What is smfn to remember for calculating energy
get it to x10 ^-9
things to remember for partition coefficient
thing you are trying to extract should be more soluble in solvent you added
also 2 liquids should be immiscible
state how transition metals act as catalysts
unpaired d electrons
how to know if precipitation reactions are complete
add more solvent to see if more precipitate is produced
what should be done to a precipitate after being washed
dried and weighed to obtain constant mass
how to tell which ligands will have greater ability to split d electrons
ones w higher energy
What makes acids stronger than others
higher Ka
lower pKa
What is the indicator and equivalence point for STRONG ACID and STRONG ALKALI
several
7
What is the indicator and equivalence point for STRONG ACID and WEAK ALKALI
methyl orange
less than 7
What is the indicator and equivalence point for WEAK ACID and STRONG ALKALI
phenolphthalein
more than 7
What is the indicator and equivalence point for WEAK ACID and WEAK ALKALI
none
Can strong acids make buffers
no
steps to draw a calibration graph
standard solutions prepared
use suitable filter
calibrate w blank
measure absorbance
Why do hydrogen atoms in geometric isomers have 2 different environments when attached to the same carbon
lack of free rotation
What type of electromagnetic radiation is used in NMR spectroscopy
radio
Describe in terms of overlapping orbitals what each of the two lines in a double bon represent
one is end overlap/sigma bond
one is side on overlap/ pi bond
Describe how to carry out gravimetric analysis
heat
cool in desicator
weigh
repeat until constant mass achieved
What does a large conjugated system suggest
decreased gap between HOMO and LUMO
less energy
large wavelength
What is SN1 used for
Tertiary carbons
What is SN2 used for
Primary and Secondary
What is more stable Sn1 or Sn2
Sn2
How to make alkoxide
Alcohol and alkali metal
Reasons for many lines on emission spectrum
many different electron transitions possible
If delta H is positive is a reaction exothermic or endothermic
ENDOTHERMIC
Discuss reasons for Bond angles
double bonds and pi electrons have stronger repulsion
What is a monodentate ligand
forms 1 bond w complex ion
What is a dative bond
bond where both e comes from same atom
What is responsible for colour in organic molecules
conjugated systems
What makes a solvent suitable
similar IMF
inert
How to name ethers
oxy - branch - long chain
What is ppm
mg per kg
Define weighing accurately approximately
weigh as close as possible but note down the actual mass
What does gravimetric analysis require
large mass
Why are colorimetry samples diluted
results outwith calibration range / line
