Coronavirus Infection Flashcards
What group of family does the coronavirus belong to?
Nidovirales - all have RNA dependent polymerase
What four families is coronavirus split up into?
alpha, beta, gamma and delta
What are other forms of nidoviruses and what do they infect?
Arterivirus - in mammals causes, respiratory sydromes, abortion or lethal hemorrhagic fever
Torovirus - infects animals to induce gastroenteritis
Coronavirus - alpha, beta and gamma infect mammals only and cause respiratory symptoms in humans and gastrointestinal symptoms in mammals
What is polycistronic RNA?
one mRNA that has a lot of the protein expressed
How can you end up with two products for a gene of a respiratory virus?
Can have the 1a part of the gene translated but the ribosome will skip over and miss it. So it will carry on to the end creating a 1b chain. This way you can end up with 2 gene products translated for it and one of them will be shorter
How many coding regions does COVID-19 have?
12 coding regions divided
What does the 1ab coding region of COVID-19 do and contain?
Divided into15/16 non-structural proteins and contains/ does:
- RNA proofreading
- replicases
- RNA profiling
- RNA modifying enzymes
What does the S (spike) region of COVID19 do and contain?
Has a homotrimeric class I fusion of glycoproteins. And it binds cell surface receptors and induces the fusion of viral and cellular membranes
What does the E (envelope) region of COVID19 do?
Controls virus morphogenesis, assembly and budding
What does the N (nucleocaspid) region of COVID19 do?
Binds RNA genome in a beads-on-a string fashion
What does the M stand for in one of the COIVD19 regions?
Membrane glycoprotein
What is the incubation period for Sars-Cov2?
2 - 14 days
What is Ro (naught)?
Indicates how contagious an infection is. defined by average number of secondary cases arising from typical primary case in entirely susceptible population of size.
What is the value for Ro of COVID?
4.5
What gene does COVID19 share 96% of similarity and what animal is it isolated from?
RaTG13 isolated from a bat
What specific sequence from the RaTG13 gene shows similarities in the binding region to COVID19?
MP789
Where does Sars-Cov2 replicate in abundance?
In upper respiratory epithelia where ACE2 is also expressed and efficiently transmitted