Cornea-Conjunctiva Flashcards by ASLI KIRMACI

Follicles vs Papillae

Follicles: blood vessels run around; lymphocytes; viral conj-chlamydial conj-perinaud oculoglandular syndrome-hypersensitivity to topical medications.

Papillae: vascular core; inflammatory cells; bacterial conj-allergic conj-chronic blepharitis-CL wear-superior limbic keratoconj-floppy eyelid syndrome.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Giant fornix syndrome

S.aureus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

C.trachomatis serotipler

A-B-C: trachoma

D—K: other grnital, other systemic and ocular disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Adenovirus serovars

PCF: 3-4-7
EKC: 8-19-37

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis lesions

Horner Trantas dots: transient limbal apically located white cellular collections.
Pseudogerontoxon: paralimbal band of superficial scarring resembling arcus senilis.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Acute haemmorrhagic conjunctivitis

Enterovirus

Coxsackievirus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Arlt line

Cicatricial trachoma

Broad confluent conjunctival scars

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Horner Trantas dots

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Transient apically located white cellular collections

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pseudogerontoxon

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Paralimbal band of superficial scarring resembling arcus senilis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dry eye investigation

BUT <10s is suspicious

Schirmer (after 5min):

with anaesthesia: <10mm is abnormal
without anaesthesia: <6mm is abnormal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hertoghe sign

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis

Absence of the lateral portion of the eyebrows

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dennie-Morgan folds

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis

Lid skin folds caused by persistant rubbing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cornea dimensions

Diameter: 11.5 mm vertical-12 mm horizontal
Thickness: 540 〽️m
Cell density: 3000 cells/mm2

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infectious scleritis-the most common cause

Herpes Zoster

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blue sclera

ROHEM:

Russell-Silver syndrome
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Hallermann-Streiff-François syndrome
Ehler-Danlos type 6
Marshall-Smith syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bacteria- able to penetrate a healthy corneal epithelium

CeHeNNem:

C.diphteriae
H.influenza
N.gonorrhae
N.meningitidis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis PUK

RA-most common
Wegener
PAN
Relapsing polychondritis
SLE

Yes scleritis-distinguishing from Mooren ulcer
No clear zone btw the ulcer and the limbus-distinguishing from marginal keratitis and Terrien marginal degeneration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fortified antibiotics shelf life

Cephalosporins=Fortum: 4 days (refrigerated), unless 24 hours

Gentamicin: 14 days (refrigerated)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Wessely immune ring

Disciform keratitis (HSV)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hutchinson sign

Herpes Zoster-involvement of the skin supplied by the external nasal nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SSSyphilis-ocular features

Salt and pepper pigmentary retinopathy
Salmon patch
Argyll-Robertson pupils

Acanthamoeba keratitis

Pain disproportionate to clinical signs
Perineural infiltrates-pathognomonic
Ring abcess

Furrow degeneration

Mild peripheral corneal thinning in the elderly, usually benign

Mooren ulcer

Autoimmune
Progressive circumferential peripheral stromal ulceration with later central spread
An undermined and infiltrated leading edge is characteristic
No scleritis-distinguishing from PUK
No clear zone btw the ulcer and the limbus-distinguishing from marginal keratitis and Terrien marginal degeneration

No clear zone

Mooren ulcer PUK Macular corneal dystrophy

Yes clear zone

``` Marginal keratitis Terrien Arcus senilis Vogt limbal girdle Band keratopathy ```

Infectious crystalline keratopathy

Streptococcus viridans

Bitot spots

Xerophthalmia

Keratoconus

``` Oil droplet red reflex Scissoring reflex in retinoscopy Vogt striae=deep stromal stress lines Fleisher ring=epithelial iron deposits Munson sign=bulging of the lower lid on downgaze ```

Epithelial dystrophies

``` Cogan Meesmann Lish Subepithelial mucinous Gelatinous drop-like ```

Bowman/anterior stromal dystrophies

Reis-Bucklers | Thiel-Behnke

Stromal dystrophies

``` Lattice Granular Macular Schnyder(crystalline) Francois Fleck Posterior amorphous ```

Descemet/endothelial dystrophies

Fuchs Posterior polymorphous Congenitalhereditary endothelial

Fuchs endothelial dystrophy

``` Women Mostly sporadic Open angle glaucoma risk Cornea guttata Beaten metal appearance ```

Microcornea

Diameter <10 mm (>2years) or <9 mm (newborn) Other dimensions are normal AD

Microphtalmus vs Nanopthalmus

Micro: short AL, entire eye is small; other features of dysgenesis; systemic abnormalities may be present Nan: entirely small but structurally normal eye, bilateral

Megalocornea

Diameter >13 mm | Bilateral

LASIK-refractive error correction

Hypermetropia 4D Astigmatism 5D Myopia 12D

PRK-refractive error correction

Hypermetropia low-moderate Astigmatism 3D Myopia 6D

Cataract in systemic disease

DM MD(myotonic dystrophy) AD(atopic dermatitis) NF

Suprachoroidal hemorrhage risk factors

``` Advanced age Glaucoma Increased AL Systemic cardiovascular disease Vitreous loss Conversion from phaco to ECCE ```

Acute postoperative endophthalmitis-risk factors

``` Posterior capsule rupture Prolonged procedure time Combined procedure Clear corneal sutureless incision Temporal incision Wound leak on the first day Delaying postop topical ab until the day after surgery Topical anesthesia Adnexal disease DM ```

Acute postoperative endophthalmitis-most common patogen

Staph epidermidis

Acute postoperative endophthalmitis-intravitreal treatment

Ceftazidime 2mg in 0.1 ml➡️gram➖ | Vancomycin 2mg in 0.1 ml➡️gram➕

Delayed onset postoperative endophyhalmitis-patogens

P.acnes (low virulans)

Congenital cataract

2/3 bilateral | AD inheritance is the most common etiological factor

Congenital cataract-associated metabolic disorders

Galactosemia Lowe syndrome Fabry disease Mannosidosis

Congenital cataract-treatment

<4 weeks:risk of glaucoma⚠️ Bilateral dense: surgery btw 4-10 weeks Bilateral partial: may not require surgery Unilateral dense: urgent❗️<6 weeks (4-6 weeks) Unilateral partial: observe

Alport syndrome

Posterior polymorphous dystrophy Anterior lenticonus Fleck retina

Frosted branch angiitis

CMV retinitis