☯️🍒🧟‍♀️💄🌙core two.. russia + the soviet union 1917-1941

Question 1

Tsar Nicholas II forced to step down and the Petrograd is formed as the first provisional government

Answer 1

1917.. known as the ‘march revlution’

Question 2

Lenin’s April thesis speech

Answer 2

Occurred in 1917 and calls for the Soviets to take

power

Question 3

October Coup..

Answer 3

Occurred in November of 1917 where the Bolsheviks and left-wing socialist groups overthrow the USSR Provisional Government

Question 4

Treaty of Brest Litovsk

Answer 4

Formally signed in 1918 with Germany and ends Russia’s involvement in the war with loss of Russian Territory
- ‘white’ army is formed and is anti-Bolshevik…

Question 5

Russian Civil war

Answer 5

breaks out in 1918 against the Reds (Bolsheviks) and the Whites (Anti-Bolsheviks)

Question 6

Overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II

Answer 6

1917

Question 7

Russian Civil War ends

Answer 7

in 1920.. (1918-1920) REDS WON (Bolsheviks won)

Question 8

‘provisional’

Answer 8

temporary or subject to change.. a ‘provisional’ government was introduced after the overthrow of the Tsar in 1917.

Question 9

‘soviet’

Answer 9

political organisation meaning ‘people’, a party of the workers, soldiers and peasant class.

Question 10

‘Marxist’

Answer 10

economic and political theories of Karl Marx’s.. aka the beginnings of Communism

Question 11

‘Bourgeois’ social class

Answer 11

Middle to upper class within Russian society

Question 12

‘Cominturn’

Answer 12

A group established during the Russian Civil war which promoted worldwide revolution.

Question 13

‘war communism’

Answer 13

A policy during the Russian Civil War which appointed managers to run factories (private ownership -> not very communist) to help produce a strong red army… ALSO the Cheka seized surplus grain from peasants to feed these workers … sparked a revolt by peasants

Question 14

‘NEP’

Answer 14

New Economic Policy.. Established by Lenin to restore the USSR economy

Question 15

Lenin Dies

Answer 15

1924… the struggle over leadership begins.

Question 16

Stalin becomes the leader of the Communist party

Answer 16

1928

Question 17

The beginning of the 5-year plans

Answer 17

1928

Question 18

Stalin begins collectivisation

Answer 18

1929

Question 19

what is ‘collectivisation’?

Answer 19

Stalin’s push for economic reconstruction through the collectivisation of privately owned farms and industrialising them in order to boost the USSR’s Agricultural sector

Question 20

Winter famine in Ukraine

Answer 20

1932, millions die from starvation.. a result of Collectivisation.

Question 21

2nd five year plan

Answer 21

1933

Question 22

The beginning of the show trials and purges ‘The Great Terror’

Answer 22

1936-38

Question 23

3rd of the Five year plans

Answer 23

1937

Question 24

When was the Nazi/Soviet non-aggression pact formed

Answer 24

1939

Question 25

‘socialism’

Answer 25

The belief in a society where wealth id hared through public ownership than private ownership

Question 26

‘communism’

Answer 26

A system of government which hold the belief in state ownership = government control etc.

Question 27

Who are the Menshevik’s?

Answer 27

A small proportion of the (once) Russian-Social-Diplomatic Labour Party.. which split into Bolshevik / Menshevik.. [Menshevik's are the minority proportion of the split party.]
They sought the eventual introduction of Socialism and believed-0oijnb  the overthrow of autocracy would be followed by the cooperation between middle class and working class Russia.

Question 28

Soviet Foreign Policy Examples:

Answer 28

• Treaty of Brest Litovsk …. With Germany to stop the War.. 80% resources, 30% population, 34% of land
• ‘Desperate years’ Russia traditionally aiming to make cordial agreements
• victory in the civil war leads to normalisation .. dreams of revolution are diminished.. more realistic treaties signed with neighbouring countries (Finland, Turkey (1920).. 1221= GERMANY AND ITALY..)
• AFTER GD ambiguity reappeared..
• Soviet policy changed direction as threat in East and Europe with Nazism)