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core IM Flashcards

1
Q

SIRS

A

T >100.4
T <96.8
RR >20
HR >90
WBC >12000
WBC <4000
WBC >10% bands
PCO2 <32 mmHg

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2
Q

Sepsis

A

2 SIRS +
confirmed OR suspected infection

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3
Q

Severe sepsis

A

sepsis +
-signs of end organ damage
-hypotension <90
lactate >4

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4
Q

Septic shock

A

severe sepsis + persistent
-end organ damage
-hypotension <90
-lactate >4

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5
Q

Duke major criteria

A

1) Bcx + typical (staph, v. strep, enteroccus)
2) evidence of endocaridal involvement on echo

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6
Q

Duke minor criteria

A

-predisposing factor
-temp >38
-vasc phen (art/sept emboli, pulm infarcs, mycotic aneurysm, conj hemorrhage, janeway lesions, CNS infarct)
-imm phen (glomerulonephritis, osler nodes, roth spot, +RF
-micro evidence atypicals

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7
Q

+ Duke

A

-2M
-1M + 3m
-5m

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8
Q

atypicals in endocard

A

E. coli
GA strep
GB strep
HACEK
fungi

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9
Q

HACEK

A

haemophilus
aggregatibacter
cardiobacterium
eikenella
kingella

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10
Q

CRAB criteria

A

-hypercalcemia
-renal impairment
-anemia
-bone lesions

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11
Q

CHF GDMT

A

-RAASi (ARNi, ACEi, ARB)
-BB (carvedilol, metoprolol)
-mineralocorticoid (spiranolactone, eplerenone)
-SGLT2i (dapagliflozin, empagliflozin)
-diruetics (furosemide, torsemide)

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12
Q

Group 1 PH

A

PAH: damaged or narrowed arteries to lungs

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13
Q

Group 2 PH

A

left-sided HF

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14
Q

Group 3 PH

A

lung disease and/or hypoxia
(OSA, fibrosis, COPD)

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15
Q

Group 4 PH

A

pulmonary artery obstruction/thromboemboli

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16
Q

Group 5 PH

A

unknown or multiple factors
(p vera, essential thrombocythemia)

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17
Q

cellulitis organism

A

staph and strep

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18
Q

erysipelas

A

strep pyogenes

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19
Q

CAP organisms

A

-strep pneumo
-h fluenza
-kelbsiella
-legionella
-mycoplasma pneum
-chlamydia
-pseudamonas

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20
Q

meningitis organism

A

strep pneum
n meningitidis

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21
Q

COPD exacerbation tx

A

-bronchodilator (alb+iprat)
-prednisone 40
-abx (amox-clav, azithromycin, doxy)
-oxygen

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22
Q

COPD imaging

23
Q

COPD labs

24
Q

CHF labs

A

BNP
Troponin
Elec/BUN/creatinine
LFT
CBC
thyroid
glucose

25
CHF imaging
CXR Echo
26
Sepsis labs
CBC BMP LFT lactate Coag panel procalcitonin CRP ABG
27
Sepsis infectious w/u
Bcx site cx (Ucx, CSF, wound) RPP fungal panel
28
Sepsis imaging
CXR Abd US CT/MRI
29
Pneumonia labs
CBC BMP Procalcitonin CRP ABG
30
SBP abx
Ceftriaxone Pip-tazo
31
meds for hepatic encephalopathy
lactulose rifaximin
32
meds for ascites/SBP
diuretics (spiranolactone/furosemide) albumin
33
meds variceal bleeding
vasoactive (terlipressin, octreotide, somatostatin) abx (ceftriaxone)
34
Hepatorenal syndrome drugs
vasoconstrictors (terlipressin, midodrine, norepi) albumin
35
coagulopathy drugs in liver failure
vitamin k FFP, platelets, or cryoprecipitate
36
meds for organ support in liver failure
N-acetylcysteine prednisolone (no infection) Granulocyte colony-SF probiotics
37
preventative drugs in liver disease
PPI - prevent GI bleeding BB
38
MM diagnostic criteria
CRAB: Calcium elevation, Renal failure, Anemia, Bone lesions.
39
Nephrotic syndrome diagnostic criteria
Proteinuria >3.5 g/day, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema.
40
AKI diagnostic criteria
Cr ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours, or ≥1.5 times baseline within 7 days, or urine output <0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 hours.
41
HHNS diagnostic criteria
Hyperglycemia (>600 mg/dL), high serum osmolality (>320 mOsm/kg), and absence of significant ketosis.
42
elevated BP
120–129/<80 mmHg.
43
Stage 1 BP
130–139/80–89 mmHg.
44
Stage 2 BP
≥140/90 mmHg.
45
Hypertensive Emergency
BP >180/120 mmHg with end-organ damage.
46
GOLD 1
Mild (≥80%)
47
GOLD 2
Moderate (50–79%).
48
GOLD 3
Severe (30–49%).
49
GOLD 4
Very severe (<30%).
50
BP goals in HTN emergency
-25% within minutes to 1 hour -160/100 to 110 mm Hg within the next 2 to 6 hours -back to normal over 24 to 48 hours
51
MIST
Metabolic Infective Structural Toxins
52
GDMT CHF
RAAS inhibitor BB MRAs SGLT2 inhibitor Diuretics
53

Landmark trials (6 decks)

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