core biology

Question 1

how do you carry out animal clones and adult cell cloning?

Answer 1

embryo transplants

unfertilised egg and remove genetics and chromosomes and put together by a electric shock

Question 2

how does genetic engineering happen?

Answer 2

use enzymes to cut and paste genes

Question 3

what does fsh
oestrogen
lh do?

Answer 3

1 triggers egg to mature
2 inhibits release of fsh
3 stimulates release of egg

Question 4

what does apsetic mean?

Answer 4

no microbes present

Question 5

how is decay caused?

Answer 5

break down of organic matter in microorganisms

Question 6

what went wrong with thalidomide?

Answer 6

used as a sleeping pill but helped with morning sickness but doctors didn’t know dosage or side effects for using it as a morning sickness pill so it effected foetus by causing it to have abnormal limbs etc

Question 7

what do drugs do?

Answer 7

allows chemical processes in the body

Question 8

what causes genetic variation?

Answer 8

different genes and characteristics through gametes and dna by parents

Question 9

photosynthesis equation?

Answer 9

carbon dioxide + water + energy = oxygen + glucose

Question 10

what does insulin do?

Answer 10

maintains the right amount of glucose in the bloody as a constant supply of energy

Question 11

what are the three main types of micro organisms that enter the body?

Answer 11

pathogens
bacteria
virus

Question 12

what are the three main types of drugs?

Answer 12

medicinal
recreational
performance enhancing

Question 13

what is homeostasis?

Answer 13

maintaining one constant internal environment

Question 14

whats different between nerves and homones?

Answer 14

nerves are fast and act for a short period of time whereas hormones take a long time and last longer in a general way

Question 15

what do synapses and reflexes do?

Answer 15

connect neurons transferred by chemical pulses
automatically respond
reduces chances od being injured

Question 16

whats bad about vaccinations?

Answer 16

don’t make you immune

could have a bad reaction to the vaccination

Question 17

how does your body consume micro organisms?

Answer 17

immune system

white blood cells engulf unrecognised pathogens

Question 18

what is the metabolic rate?

Answer 18

the speed at which your body burns fats in your muscles

Question 19

why aren’t slimming foods good?

Answer 19

only work If you exercise more or eat less to replace what your not eating

Question 20

how does your body prevent micro organisms from getting into your body?

Answer 20

skin
hair
mucus

Question 21

what do antibodies do?

Answer 21

white blood cells produce proteins when come across a foreign antigens called antibodies to lock into antigens in the future

Question 22

what affect do vaccinations have?

Answer 22

inject unactive micro organisms white carry antigens so your white blood cells can engulf the antugens and replicate antibodies to lock onto them if get there in future

Question 23

whats the bad thing about antibiotics?

Answer 23

bacteria can become immune and mutate which an lead it to reproduce and the disease will grow which could cause serious infection

Question 24

what did semmelweiss do in the 1840’s?

Answer 24

encouraged doctors to wash their hands before going into pregnancy wards, dropped death rate from 12% to 2%

Question 25

nervous system?

Answer 25

``` stimulus receptor sensory relay motor effector ```

Question 26

where does the reflex arc go through?

Answer 26

spinal cord | unconscious part of the brain

Question 27

what is the plant hormone auxin?

Answer 27

controls growth near tips responds to light and gravity stimulates cell econgstion

Question 28

lamarks ideas about evoluation?

Answer 28

develop characteristic and pass them onto your child

Question 29

what are hormones?

Answer 29

chemical messengers sent in the blood

Question 30

what causes environmental changes?

Answer 30

living factors- predators | non living- temperature

Question 31

how is reproduction carried out?

Answer 31

sperm fertilises the egg and egg creates a feotus

Question 32

what would a recreational drug be used for?

Answer 32

enjoyment inspiration relaxation stress relief

Question 33

how do animals adapt to live on the desert =?

Answer 33

large surface area efficient with water cool camoflauge

Question 34

three stages of testing medicinal drugs?

Answer 34

1 testing on human cells 2 testing on animals 3 testing on human volenteers

Question 35

where is ion regulated?

Answer 35

kidneys taken by food absorbed into blood lost in sweat and urine

Question 36

what is natural selection?

Answer 36

variation in different genes, better adapted live with better chance of survival

Question 37

what issues surround cloning?

Answer 37

wipe out age disorders cause arthritis many failed attempts

Question 38

how can plants be cloned?

Answer 38

cuttings | tissue cultures

Question 39

asexual reproduction?

Answer 39

x chromosome - split down middle= dna replicates

Question 40

what does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 40

produces fsh and lh

Question 41

stage 1 of the mesutural cycle?

Answer 41

bleeding starts | uterus lining breaks down

Question 42

stage 2 of the mc?

Answer 42

lining builds up, ready to receive fertilised egg

Question 43

stage 3 of mc?

Answer 43

egg is released from ovary on day 14

Question 44

stage 4 of mc?

Answer 44

wall is maintained until day 28,no egg is fertilised lining starts to break down again

Question 45

what is diffusion?

Answer 45

spreading of a substance going from a high concentration of particles to a low concentration