Core 1: Better health for individuals Flashcards
What is health?
A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease.
What are the dimensions of health?
Physical, Social, Emotional, Mental, Spiritual
what is physical health
body aspect of health, absence of disease
what is mental health
cognitive aspect of health
functioning of the brain e.g Dementia, alzeimers
what is emotional health
person’s mood or emotional state, ability to recognise and express feelings adequately
what is social health
ability to make and maintain meaningful relationships with others
what is spiritual health?
sense of purpose in life. faith system, or create purpose
How is health relative and dynamic?
Relative- Influencing by individual perception, past experiences, knowledge etc
Dynamic- health changes over time, aging, fluid always changing through life
What are factors that influence our perceptions of health?
Gender
environment (geographical location)
health companies
advertising
level of education
peers
community
culture
socioeconomic status
How is health a social construct?
Health is shaped and contructed by society and responsibility for health falls not upon just the individual but society as a whole.
What influences our perceptions of health? (the determinants of health)
Individual:
knowledge, skills, attitudes, genetics
Socio-cultural:
family, peers, media, religion, culture
Socio-economic:
employment, education, income
Environmental:
geographical location, access to health services and technology
Positive health status of young people
Health data
- more australians completing year 12 than ever before
- decreased death rates of young people (14-24)
- hospitalisation of young people decreasing
What are protective behaviours?
Protecting yourself from harm, in terms of health
-Regular physical activity (overweight obese), following laws (road safety), Gp checkups and protected sex ( sex health)
What are risk factors?
Behaviours that put health at risk
Drinking, drugs, inactivity, non-monogamy etc
What are modifiable and non-modifiable determinants of health?
Modifiable- can be changed (Knowledge, education, socioeconomic status, attitude)
Non-modifiable- can’t be changed (genetics, age, gender, ethnicity, environmental factors)
Who has responsibility for health promotion?
*Individuals- promote their own health to others.
*Community groups/schools- provide info, input rules & regulations.
*NON government organisations- non-profit, specific issues, fundraisers, campaigns
*Governments-
-Federal (national) provide funding, campaigns.
-State, implement policies + regulate services
-Local, amenities, programs developed
*International organisations (WHO)- coordinate authority on international public health
What is health promotion?
The process of preventing ill health and advancing the health of individuals and the community through planned interventions.
E.gs slip, slop, slap
healthy harold
towards zero
national tobacco campaign
no hat no play
What are the different approaches to health promotion?
*Lifestyle approach:
-aims to provide knowledge and reduce incidence of risk behaviours
-E.gs
Towards Zero (road safety campaign)
Quit Now (national tobacco campaign)
*Preventative medical approach:
-medical treatments or interventions (traditional approach)
-E.g childhood immunisations/vaccinations, screenings (cancer, sight, high blood pressure)
*Public health approach:
-holistic approach, improving environment (determinants of health)
-health promoting schools and workplaces
-Polices (healthy food, sun safety, anti-bullying), health in cirriculum
What is the Ottawa Charter?
-movement away from disease cure to prioritising preventive health promotion
What does the Ottawa charter consist of?
5 action areas, 3 strategies
What are the five action areas of the Ottawa Charter?
Dead Cats Smell Really Bad
-Developing personal skills
-Creating supportive environments
-Strengthening community action
-Reorientating health services
-Building health public policy
What is ‘Developing personal skills?’
Supports personal and social development
- information and life skills to make positive health choices
-media campaigns, school PDHPE, online info
What is ‘Creating supportive environments’?
Increasing the ability of people to make healthy choices when in environments such as schools, workplaces
-alcohol & smoke free zones, school zones limit.
Restricting junk food ads, healthy canteens, workplaces with gyms
What is ‘Strengthening community action”?
Collective actions of the community to improve their health.
-driver reviver stations, drug support meetings.
Community fun runs, lollipop people, initiatives, RUOK day, Aboriginal medicare services
