Coral Reefs

Question 1

Beach

Answer 1

often sandy or mangroves

Question 2

Reef Flat

Answer 2

sea grass interspersed with small corals

Question 3

Reef Crest

Answer 3

corals usually exposed at lowest tide

Question 4

Reef Slope

Answer 4

as depth increases species composition changes

Question 5

List conditions supporting reef formation:

Answer 5

1. Relatively stable and warm temperatures
2. Light/Depth
3. Salinity
4. Sedimentation
5. Wave Action
6. Air exposure
   - DO NOT SEE WHERE THERE IS HEAVY UPWELLING LIKE AFRICA (but found 30S-30N)

Question 6

Main Reef Types

Answer 6

1. Fringe Reef
2. Barrier Reef
3. Atoll Reef

Question 7

Fringe Reef

Answer 7

Near shore, narrow band of coral, especially vulnerable to pollution/runoff, etc

Question 8

Barrier Reef

Answer 8

Off shore, separated from land by a deep lagoon, have more regions with coral, contain a back and fore reef slope; also have patch reef and spur and groove

Question 9

Back reef slope

Answer 9

patches of coral, not one continuous structure

Question 10

Fore reef slope

Answer 10

exposed to open ocean

Question 11

Atoll Reef

Answer 11

the fringe reef keeps growing when island is above water and still grows when island subsides, occur far from mainland and often healthier and very clear water, lagoon surround by reef itself