copyleft Flashcards
What are the characteristics of Open Access?
digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright/licensing restrictions if we credit author/publisher.
What aspects of FLOSS are often overlooked?
Source code availability and the connected freedoms
Perry and Margoni
What is open access for academic articles?
(no paywall, can print/modify/copy/redistribute)
What’s NC?
In CC, NC is Non Commercial. The licensor grants the permissions specified above but only if the work is used in a manner that is not primarily intended for, or directed towards, commercial gain. This isn’t really OA.
Advantages of FLOSS software?
Price (but Perry and Margoni have demonstrated how this is often only perceived benefit). There’s migration costs but lack of royalties mean huge long and medium term savings. The cost savings of FLOSS in medium and longterm mean that it is particularly suited to public sector.
There’s no vendor tie-in.
It’s more reliable software.
Publicly available code is more secure (which goes against our instinct).
It creates and favours an ICT environment of SME.
It’s portable other languages, which is particularly important for public bodies who have obligation to ensure everyone can access.
FLOSS software is democratising (ie voting machines more trusted if we can see code)
Accountability
-SEE PERRY & MARGONI
Why is terminology important with FLOSS software?
Many advantages of FLOSS are found in software that fits strictly within its definition, and not within acronyms and labels that could look similar to a non-discerning reader. Examples of this include ’free-ware’, ’share-ware’ and ’no charge software’.
Rule with adapting work protected by creative commons licence?
Adaptations / collections must state that they are not the original, and must contain a link back to the original as published.
The user must take reasonable steps to clearly label, demarcate or otherwise identify any changes she makes to the original work. This alerts reusers of the altered work that the original has been modified.
A licensor may request that credit be removed from any specific adaptations or collections while retaining her right to require attribution elsewhere.
Where has open access had the biggest impact?
The science community. Broad reuse rights (but requiring credit) encourage the widespread republication/reuse. OA can make science more open, dynamic, accountable and participatory
How many CC licences are there?
Six. They all require attribution and protect the integrity of the original creator by prohibiting suggesting the licensor sponsors, supports or approves of the uses or adaptations.
What is the obvious meaning for the expression ’open source software’ ?
”You can look at the source code” and that’s what people think open software is (Perry & Margoni)
Is open access software secure?
Yes, as system security depends on the quality of its structure, not on its obscurity. Available source code allows for quick bug-correction and exploit-detection.
What’s ND?
In CC, ND is NoDerivatives. It reserves right to create and distribute derivative works ie translations. Inconsistent with most understandings of OA.
What rights do creative commons licences grant?
Some rights include : the right to make copies, redistribute, communicate to the public, make available to the public and perform
Does FLOSS avoid vendor lock-in?
Yes, FLOSS also avoids vendor lock-in, the phenomenon that causes customer dependency on a given vendor with regard to a specific good or service because of the high transactions costs associated with switching. With closed source software the customer is generally bound to a specific supplier, both contractually and technologically, while in the case of FLOSS, both the licence and the technology allow for a supplier-independent business model.
IS FLOSS widely deployed?
No, a study by Perry and Margoni found that while 65% of IT professionals in Canadian ministries and other Canadian public departments and agencies thought a higher deployment of FLOSS would benefit their department, only 5-6% of those surveyed had FLOSS GUI distributions on their machines.
