Copy of Year 9 Mid Point Assessment Core Qs Physics only 24_25 - Physics Flashcards
What is the unit of energy?
Joules (J)
What form of energy does a moving object have?
Kinetic energy
What form of energy is stored in food, fuels and batteries?
Chemical energy
What form of energy is carried by moving charges?
Electrical energy
What form of energy can we see?
Light energy
What form of energy is emitted by vibrating objects?
Sound energy
What form of energy is stored in a stretched or compressed object?
Elastic potential energy
What form of energy that is stored by an object depends on its temperature?
Thermal energy
What form of energy depends on an object’s height above the Earth’s surface?
Gravitational potential energy
What form of energy is stored inside atoms?
Nuclear energy
What form of energy is stored inside magnets?
Magnetic energy
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one form into another
What is the definition of power?
The rate of energy transfer OR the energy transferred each second
What is the equation that links power, energy transferred and time?
power = energy transferred / time
Which direction does heat flow?
From hotter places to colder places
How does heat transfer through a solid?
Conduction
How does conduction happen?
Vbrations are passed on to neighbouring particles via collisions
What type of material is a good conductor?
A metal
What type of material is a poor conductor?
Non metals
What do we call a poor conductor of heat?
Insulator
What is a fluid?
A substance where the particles are free to move (liquid or a gas)
What is density?
Density is a measure of how many particles of a substance are in a given volume.
Why do liquids and gases rise when they are heated?
They become less dense
What is a vacuum?
An empty space, containing no particles
What is it called when waves bounce off a surface?
Reflection
What is it called when waves travel into a surface?
Absorption
What is it called when waves pass through a material?
Transmission
What type of surfaces are good emitters/absorbers of thermal radiation?
Dark, matt surfaces
What type of surfaces are good reflectors of thermal radiation?
Light, shiny surfaces
What is the unit of charge?
Coulomb (C)
What is an electric current?
The rate of flow of charge (The charge flowing per second)
What is the unit of electric current?
Amp (A)
What instrument is used to measure the size of an electric current?
Ammeter
What is the equation that links current, charge and time?
Current = Charge/Time or Charge = Current x Time or Time = Charge/ Current
What does the term ‘voltage’ mean?
The energy transferred per coulomb of charge
What is the unit of voltage (potential difference)?
Volt (V)
What instrument is used to measure the potential difference (voltage) across a component?
Voltmeter
What is the equation that links voltage, charge and energy transferred?
Voltage = Energy transferred/ Charge or Energy transferred = Charge x Voltage
What is meant by electrical resistance?
The opposition to the flow of charge or the opposition to the current
What is the unit of resistance?
Ohm (Ω)
What happens to the current in a circuit when the resistance increases (provided the voltage remains the same)?
The current decreases
How are the components connected in a series circuit?
The components are connected end-to-end, one after the other.
How are the components connected in a parallel circuit?
The components are connected across each other
What is a non-renewable energy resource?
Being used up faster than it is being replaced
What is a renewable energy resource?
Being used up as fast as it is being replaced
Name three fossil fuels
Coal, oil, natural gas
What is the national grid?
A network of transformers and cabling that carries electricity around the country.
Why are step-up transformers used as part of the National Grid?
They increase the voltage in the cables to reduce energy lost by heating
Why are step-down transformers used as part of the National Grid?
They decrease the voltage in the cables to make it safe to use in our homes
A 3 pin plug has 3 wires connected to it. What are the wires called?
Live, neutral and earth wire
Why is copper used for the wires in a plug?
Because copper is a good electrical conductor
Why is the casing of a plug made from plastic or rubber?
Because plastic /rubber is a good electrical insulator
What colour is the insulation on a live wire?
Brown
What colour is the insulation on the neutral wire?
Blue
What colour is the insulation on the earth wire?
Green and yellow
Which wire in a plug prevents an electric shock?
The earth wire
What is the mains voltage?
230V
