Copy of Copy of Year 9 Mid Point Assessment Core Qs Bio only 24_25 - Biology

Question 1

What is an organism?

Answer 1

A living thing

Question 2

Which organelle contains DNA and controls the cell’s activities?

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

Which organelle controls what enters and exits the cell?

Answer 3

Cell Membrane

Question 4

Which organelle is a gel like substance where chemical reactions happen?

Answer 4

Cytoplasm

Question 5

Which organelle is the site of respiration (energy release)?

Answer 5

Mitochondria

Question 6

What is the function of the ribosome?

Answer 6

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Which organelle strengthens and supports the cell?

Answer 7

Cell Wall

Question 8

Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Chloroplast

Question 9

Which organelle contains cell sap which keeps the cell turgid (firm)?

Answer 9

Vacuole

Question 10

Name the five organelles found in an animal cell.

Answer 10

Nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosome, cytoplasm

Question 11

What are the differences between an animal cell and a plant cell?

Answer 11

Plant cells have cell wall, chloroplast and vacuole, animal cells do not

Question 12

Give three examples of specialised cells in animals

Answer 12

Red Blood Cell, Nerve Cell, Muscle Cell

Question 13

Give two examples of specialised cells in plants

Answer 13

Root Hair Cell, Palisade Cell

Question 14

What is a tissue?

Answer 14

A group of similar cells that carry out a specific function

Question 15

What is an organ?

Answer 15

A group of different tissues that carry out a specific function

Question 16

What is an organ system?

Answer 16

A group of different organs that carry out a specific function

Question 17

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 17

Organelles in a plant cell that contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis

Question 18

Where does the energy needed for photsynthesis come from?

Answer 18

Light

Question 19

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

Question 20

What are stomata?

Answer 20

Small holes on the underside of the leaf through which carbon dioxide can enter and water and oxygen can leave

Question 21

What do plants do with the glucose produced by photosynthesis?

Answer 21

1. Use it for respiration 2. Store it as starch 3. Use it to make cell walls

Question 22

What is the name of the chemical added to a leaf in order to test for starch?

Answer 22

Iodine solution

Question 23

What colour change would you expect to see from iodine if starch is present?

Answer 23

Brown to blue-black

Question 24

What is respiration?

Answer 24

A chemical reaction that releases energy from glucose

Question 25

Where does respiration take place in a cell?

Answer 25

Mitochondria

Question 26

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 26

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 27

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 27

Glucose → Lactic acid

Question 28

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

Answer 28

Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Question 29

What is the process called in which yeast respire anaerobically to produce alcohol?

Answer 29

Fermentation

Question 30

Why do your heart rate and breathing rate increase when you exercise?

Answer 30

To provide more oxygen to the muscles to increase the amount of aerobic respiration

Question 31

What happens if not enough oxygen is received by muscles during exercise?

Answer 31

They will respire anaerobically, releasing lactic acid that will cause muscle fatigue

Question 32

What are the 4 types of microbes?

Answer 32

Bacteria, Viruses, fungi and protists

Question 33

What is a pathogen?

Answer 33

A microbe that causes a disease

Question 34

How do bacteria cause disease?

Answer 34

They produce toxins

Question 35

How do viruses cause disease?

Answer 35

They invade cells and destroy them

Question 36

In what four ways are pathogens spread?

Answer 36

By air, direct contact, food and water

Question 37

How are pathogens spread by air?

Answer 37

By droplets from coughs, sneezes and talking

Question 38

How are pathogens spread by direct contact?

Answer 38

Touching, sexual contact and animal vectors

Question 39

How do we prevent the transmission of airborne diseases?

Answer 39

Wear a mask, isolate infected individuals, ventilation

Question 40

How do we prevent the transmission of direct contact diseases?

Answer 40

Wash hands and wear condoms

Question 41

How do we prevent the transmission of food-borne diseases?

Answer 41

Cook food thoroughly and store food in appropriate temperature

Question 42

How do we prevent the transmission of water-borne diseases?

Answer 42

Drink sterilised water

Question 43

What are the physical barriers the body has to prevent infection?

Answer 43

Skin, stomach acid, scabs, tear glands, mucus and cilia

Question 44

What types of cells kill pathogens that enter the body?

Answer 44

White blood cells

Question 45

What types of cells provide long term immunity?

Answer 45

Memory cells

Question 46

What do white blood cells and memory cells produce that kill pathogens?

Answer 46

Antibodies

Question 47

What is a vaccine?

Answer 47

A dead or weakened pathogen

Question 48

What system do vaccines stimulate in the body?

Answer 48

The immune system

Question 49

What does the vaccine stimulate to be produced in the body?

Answer 49

Memory cells for the specific pathogen

Question 50

What is the advantage of getting vaccinated?

Answer 50

Antibodies are produced more rapidly and in higher numbers

Question 51

What is it called when a high enough percentage of the population has immunity to a disease, which stops the spread of the pathogen?

Answer 51

Herd immunity

Question 52

What are antibiotics?

Answer 52

Drugs used to treat bacterial infections by damaging the cell wall

Question 53

What are painkillers?

Answer 53

Drugs used to treat the symptoms of a disease, they cannot cure a disease

Question 54

What microorganism is used to make the antibiotic Penicillin?

Answer 54

Fungi

Question 55

What is antibiotic resistance?

Answer 55

When the DNA of bacteria changes, making them unable to be killed by certain antibiotics

Question 56

What can cause antibiotic resistance?

Answer 56

Over-use of antibiotics and not completing a course of antibiotics

Question 57

What is it called when practices and procedures are used to prevent contamination from microbes during microbiology experiments?

Answer 57

Aseptic technique

Question 58

What does the clear area around the paper disk indicate, when it has been soaked in antiseptic?

Answer 58

That the bacteria have been killed by the antiseptic