Copy of Toxicities and Side Effects - Sheet1

Question 1

Tox: Acetaminophen

Answer 1

Rx: N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

Question 2

Tox: Salicylates

Answer 2

Rx: NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis

Question 3

Tox: Amphetamines (basic)

Answer 3

Rx: NH4Cl (acidify urine)

Question 4

Tox: AchE inhibitors, organophosphates

Answer 4

Rx: Atropine, Pralidoxime

Question 5

Tox: Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

Answer 5

Rx: Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

Question 6

Tox: B-blockers

Answer 6

Rx: Glucagon

Question 7

Tox: Digitalis

Answer 7

Rx: Normalize K+, Lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+

Question 8

Tox: Iron

Answer 8

Rx: Deferoxamine, deferasirox

Question 9

Tox: Lead

Answer 9

Rx: CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

Question 10

tox: Mercury, arsenic, gold

Answer 10

Rx: Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

Question 11

Tox: Copper, arsenic, gold

Answer 11

Rx: Penicillamine

Question 12

Tox: Cyanide

Answer 12

Rx: Nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

Question 13

Tox: Methemoglobin

Answer 13

Rx: Methylene blue, vit C

Question 14

Tox: CO

Answer 14

Rx: 100% O2, Hyperbaric O2

Question 15

Tox: Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

Answer 15

Rx: Fomepizole> ethanol, dialysis

Question 16

Tox: Opiods

Answer 16

Rx: Naloxone/naltrexone

Question 17

Tox: Benzodiazepines

Answer 17

Rx: Flumazenil

Question 18

Tox: TCAs

Answer 18

Rx: NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

Question 19

Tox: Heparin

Answer 19

Rx: Protamine

Question 20

Tox: Warfarin

Answer 20

Rx: Vit K, FFP

Question 21

Tox: tPA, Streptokinase, Urokinase

Answer 21

Rx: Aminocaproic acid

Question 22

Tox: Theophylline

Answer 22

Rx: B-blocker

Question 23

Rxn: Coronary vasospasm

Answer 23

Rx: Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

Question 24

Rxn: Cutaneous flushing

Answer 24

Rx: Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacine, Ca2+ channel, blockers

Question 25

Rxn: Dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 25

Rx: Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), daunorubicin

Question 26

Rxn: Torsades de pointes

Answer 26

Rx: Class III (Sotalol) and class IA (quinidine) anti-arrhyth

Question 27

Rxn: Agranulocytosis

Answer 27

Rx: Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone

Question 28

Rxn: Aplastic anemia

Answer 28

Rx: Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole

Question 29

Rxn: Direct Coombs + hemolytic anemia

Answer 29

Rx: Methyldopa, PCN

Question 30

Rxn: Gray baby syndrome

Answer 30

Rx: Chloramphenicol

Question 31

Rxn: Hemolysis in G6PD-defic pts

Answer 31

Rx: Isoniazid (INH), Sulfonamides, Primaquine, ASA, Ibuprof, Nitrofurantoin

Question 32

Rxn: Megaloblastic anemias

Answer 32

Rx: Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drgs

Question 33

Rxn: Thrombotic complications

Answer 33

Rx: OCPs (estrogens)

Question 34

Rxn: Cough

Answer 34

Rx: ACE-i

Question 35

Rxn: Pulm fibrosis

Answer 35

Rx: Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan

Question 36

Rxn: Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice

Answer 36

Rx: Erythromycin

Question 37

Rxn: Focal-massive hepatic necrosis

Answer 37

Rx: Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, Acetaminophen

Question 38

Rxn: Hepatitis

Answer 38

Rx: INH

Question 39

Rxn: Pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 39

Rx: Clindamycin, ampicillin

Question 40

Rxn: Adrenocortical insuffic

Answer 40

Rx: Glucocorticoid w/drawal (HPA suppression)

Question 41

Rxn: Gynecomastia

Answer 41

Rx: Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimeditine, chronic alcohol use, estrogens, Ketoconazole

Question 42

Rxn: Hot flashes

Answer 42

Rx: Tamoxifen, Clomiphene

Question 43

Rxn: Hyperglycemia

Answer 43

Rx: Niacin, tacrolimus, protease-i, HCTZ, corticosteroids

Question 44

Rxn: Hypothyroidism

Answer 44

Rx: Lithium, Amiodarone, Sulfonamides

Question 45

Rxn: Fat redistribution

Answer 45

Rx: Glucocorticoids, protease-i

Question 46

Rxn: Gingival hyperplasia

Answer 46

Rx: Phenytoin, Verapamil

Question 47

Rxn: Gout

Answer 47

Rx: Furosemide, Thiazides, NIacin, Cyclosporine

Question 48

Rxn: Myopathies

Answer 48

Rx: Fibrates, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, Interferon-a, Penicillamine, Statins, Glucocorticoids

Question 49

Rxn: Osteoporosis

Answer 49

Rx: Corticosteroids, heparin

Question 50

Rxn: Photosensitivity

Answer 50

Rx: Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline

Question 51

Rxn: Rash (SJS)

Answer 51

Rx: PCN, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital

Question 52

Rxn: SLE-like syndrome

Answer 52

Rx: Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin

Question 53

Rxn: Teeth changes (kds)

Answer 53

Rx: Tetracyclines

Question 54

Rxn: Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage dmge

Answer 54

Rx: Fluoroquinolones

Question 55

Rxn: DI

Answer 55

Rx: Lithium, demeclocycline

Question 56

Rxn: Fanconi's

Answer 56

Rx: Expired tetraycline

Question 57

Rxn: Hemorrhagic cystitis

Answer 57

Rx: Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)

Question 58

Rxn: Interstitial nephritis

Answer 58

Rx: Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

Question 59

Rxn: SIADH

Answer 59

Rx: Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide

Question 60

Rxn: Cichoism

Answer 60

Rx: Quinidine, Quinine

Question 61

Rxn: Parkinson-like syndrome

Answer 61

Rx: Antipsychotics, Reserpine, Metoclopramide

Question 62

Rxn: Seizures

Answer 62

Rx: Isoniazid, Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide

Question 63

Rxn: Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 63

Rx: Antipsychotics

Question 64

Rxn: Antimuscarinic

Answer 64

Rx: Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, Neuroleptics

Question 65

Rxn: Disulfiram-like rxn

Answer 65

Rx: Metronidazole, certain Cephalosporins, Procarbazine, 1st-gen Sulfonylureas

Question 66

Rxn: Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity

Answer 66

Rx: Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin, Loop diuretics, Cisplatin

Question 67

Rxn: Serotonin Syndrome

Answer 67

Rx: Cryoheptadine (5-HT1/2 receptor antagonist, Antihistamine)

Question 68

P-450 Inducers

Answer 68

``` Modafinil Barbiturates St. John's wort Phenytoin Rifampin Griseofulvin Carbamazepine Chronic alcohol use ```

Question 69

P-450 Inhibitors

Answer 69

``` Macrolides Amiodarone Grapefruit juice Isoniazid Cimetidine Ritonavir Acute alcohol abuse Ciprofloxacin Ketoconazole Sulfonamides Gemfibrozil Quinidine ```

Question 70

Sulfa drugs

Answer 70

Probenicid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide Ab's, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylureas -Rxns: fever, UTI, pruritic rash, SJS, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria (hives)