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Step 1 > Copy of Autonomic Rx - Autonomic > Flashcards

Copy of Autonomic Rx - Autonomic Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanchol

A

1) Activates Bowel and Bladder smooth m. Post-op and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention.
2) Direct Cholinomimetic.
4) Resistant to AchE.

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

1) Glaucoma, pupillary contraction, and relief of intraocular pressure.
2) Direct Cholinomimetic.
4) Carbon copy of Ach

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3
Q

Pilocarpine

A

1) Potent stim of sweat, tears, saliva. Contracts ciliary m of eye (open angle) and pupillary sphincter (narrow angle)
2) Direct Cholinomimetic
4) Resistant to AchE

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4
Q

Methacholine

A

1) Challenge test –> dx of asthma.

2) Direct Cholinomimetic, stim muscarinic r in airway

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5
Q

Neostigmine

A

1) Post-op and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, reversal of neuromuscular jxn blockade (post-op).
2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach.
4) No CNS penetration

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6
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

1) Myasthenia gravis (long acting)
2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach, increases strength.
4) No CNS penetration

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

1) Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (short acting).

2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases endogenous Ach

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8
Q

Physostigmine

A

1) Anticholinergic toxicity
2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach.
4) crosses BBB

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9
Q

Donepezil

A

1) Alzheimers

2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach

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10
Q

ADE of all Cholinomimetics

A

Exacerbation of COPD, asthma, and peptic ulcers

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11
Q

Organophosphate poisoning (e.g. Parathion)

A

Irreversibly inhib AchE. (DUMBBELSS) Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal m and CNS, Lacrimation, Sweating, and Salivation

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12
Q

Rx for Organophosphate poisoning

A

Atropine + Pralidoxime = regenerate active AchE

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13
Q

Atropine Use/MOA

A

1) Blocks Organophosphate poisoning. Used to treat bradycardia and opthalmic applications
2) Muscarinic antagonist.

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14
Q

Atropine ADE

A

3) Increase body temp, rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry/flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation. Can cause acute angle-glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in men with BPH, hyperthermia in infants

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15
Q

Homatropine

A

1) Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

2) Muscarinic antagonist

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16
Q

Tropicamide

A

1) Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

2) Muscarinic antagonist

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17
Q

Benztropine

A

1) Rx for Parkinsons.

2) Muscarinic Antagonist

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18
Q

Scopolamine

A

1) Motion sickness.

2) Muscarinic antagonist

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19
Q

Tiotropium

A

1) Rx for COPD, Asthma.

2) Muscarinic antagonist

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20
Q

Ipratropium

A

1) Rx for COPD, Asthma.

2) Muscarinic antagonist

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21
Q

Oxybutynin

A

1) Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms.
2) Muscarinic Antagonist

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22
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

1) Parenteral: preop –> reduce airway secretions. PO: Rx for drooling, peptic ulcer
2) Muscarinic Antagonist

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23
Q

Epinephrine

A

1) Anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle), asthma, hypotension

2) Sympathomimetics; A1, A2, B1, B2. LOW dose selective for B1

24
Q

NE

A

1) Hypotension (but low renal perfusion)

2) Sympathomimetics; A1, A2 > B1

25
Q

Isoproterenol

A

1) Torsade de pointes (tachycardia decr low QT interval), bradyarrhythmias (but can worsen ischemia)
2) Sympathomimetics; B1=B2

26
Q

Dopamine

A

1) Shock (renal perfusion), heart failure

2) Sympathomimetic; D1 (low dose) >B (medium dose) >A (high dose), inotropic and chronotropic

27
Q

Dobutamine

A

1) Heart failure, cardiac stress testing

2) Sympathomimetic; B1>B2, inotropic and chronotropic)

28
Q

Phenylephrine

A

1) Hypotension (vasoconstrictor), ocular procedures (mydriatic), rhinitis (decongestant)
2) Sympathomimetic; A1>A2

29
Q

Albuterol

A

1) Acute asthma

2) Sympathomimetic; Selective B2-agonist (B2>B1)

30
Q

Salmeterol

A

1) Long-term treatment of asthma or COPD control

2) Sympathomimetic; Selective B2-agonist (B2>B1)

31
Q

Terbutaline

A

1) Reduce premature uterine contractions

2) Sympathomimetic; Selective B2-agonist (B2>B1)

32
Q

Ritodrine

A

1) Reduces premature uterine contractions

2) Sympathomimetic; B2

33
Q

Amphetamine

A

1) Narcolepsy, obesity, ADD

2) Indirect Sympathomimetic/general agonist, releases stored catecholamines

34
Q

Ephedrine

A

1) Nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension

2) Indirect sympathomimetic/general agonist, releases stored catecholamines

35
Q

Cocaine

A

1) Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia
2) Indirect sympathomimetic/general agonist. Uptake inhibitor.
4) People use this to get high. Don’t give B-blockers if cocaine intoxication suspected.

36
Q

Clonidine

A

1) HTN esp w renal disease (no decr in blood flow to kidney)

2) Sympathoplegics. Centrally acting A2-agonist. Decr central sympathetic outflow

37
Q

Alpha-methyldopa

A

1) HTN esp w renal disease (no decr in blood flow to kidney)

2) Sympathoplegics. Centrally acting A2-agonist. Decr central sympathetic outflow

38
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

1) Pheochromocytoma (b4 removing tumor)
2) Irreversible, Nonselective alpha blocker
3) Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

39
Q

Phentolamine

A

1) Give to pts on MAO-i who eat tyramine-containing foods

2) Reversible, Nonselective alpha blocker

40
Q

Prazosin

A

1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH
2) A1 blocker
3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

41
Q

Terazosin

A

1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH
2) A1 blocker
3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

42
Q

Doxazoin

A

1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH
2) A1 blocker
3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

43
Q

Tamsuolosin

A

1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH
2) A1 blocker
3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA

44
Q

Mirtazapine

A

1) Depression
2) A2 blocker
3) Sedation, incr serum cholesterol, incr appetite

45
Q

Acebutolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Beta1-antagonist (partial Beta-agonist)
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

46
Q

Betaxolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Beta1-antagonist
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

47
Q

Esmolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Beta1-antagonist (short acting)
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

48
Q

Atenolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Beta1-antagonist
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

49
Q

Metoprolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Beta1-antagonist
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

50
Q

Propanolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Non-selective B-antagonist
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

51
Q

Timolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Non-selective B-antagonist
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

52
Q

Pindolol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Non-selective B-antagonist (partial B-agonist)
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

53
Q

Labetalol

A

1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma
2) Non-selective A and B antagonist
3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics

54
Q

Carvedilol

A

Non-selective A and B antagonist

55
Q

Nadolol

A

Non-selective B antagonist

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