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Geography AS (mine) > Coping With Climate Change > Flashcards

Coping With Climate Change Flashcards

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1
Q

What are mitigation strategies

A

Involve taking action to reduce how much climate change occurs

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2
Q

What are adaptation strategies

A

Involves taking action to reduce the impacts that the changes are having

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3
Q

Is carbon tax an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Mitigation

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4
Q

Explain carbon tax

A

Taxing companies/people who produce CO2

Increasing costs discourages over consumption of energy

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5
Q

Is changing the energy mix an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Mitigation

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6
Q

Explain changing the energy mix

A

I.e. lowering the proportion of energy made from fossil fuels and increasing energy from sources that produce less greenhouse gas emissions (nuclear)

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7
Q

Is modified agricultural practices an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Mitigation

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8
Q

Explain modified agricultural practices

A

Cut methane generation from farm animals eg developing new types of feed

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9
Q

Are emission cutting technologies an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Mitigation

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10
Q

Explain emission cutting technologies

A

Carbon capture and storage involves storing the CO2 produced using using methods like injecting it isn’t geological formations eg coal seams

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11
Q

Are energy conservations an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Mitigation

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12
Q

Explain energy conservation

A

Using less energy eg switching home appliances off when not at home

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13
Q

Are waste strategies an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Increasing the amount of waste that is recycled, which should directly cute methane emissions from landfill sites

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14
Q

Are lifestyle adaptations an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Adaptation

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15
Q

Explain lifestyle adaptations

A

People adapt to the way they love to suit the new conditions eg planting new crops that will flourish in the new climatic conditions

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16
Q

Is improved risk assessment an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Adaptation

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17
Q

Explain improved risk assessment

A

Looking at the likelihood that people/property will be damaged by climate change impacts and evaluations the need for insurance policies

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18
Q

Are food adaptations an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Adaptation

19
Q

Explain flood adaptations

A

Building physical defences such as flood barriers to reduce the impacts of flooding, and having better floor warning systems

20
Q

Is community awareness an adaptation or mitigation strategy

A

Adaptation

21
Q

Explain community awareness

A

Educating local communities on the potential impacts of climate change

22
Q

Which strategies need to be applied on a global scale

A

Changing energy mix, emission cutting technologies

23
Q

Which strategies can to be applied on a local scale

A

Community awareness, waste strategies

24
Q

Name a major global strategy

A

International agreements

25
Q

Example of a strategy which would only have a small impact on their own

A

Energy conservation in homes

26
Q

Explain strategy limitations that reduce their effectiveness

A

Eg building physical flood defences works whilst flooding remains below a certain point
If sea levels continue to rise, defences (such as the Thames barrier) will not be high enough to cope with higher flood waters

27
Q

Explain strategy side effects that reduce their effectiveness

A

Eg changing the energy mix would reduce emissions but using more nuclear power would produce more nuclear waste, which is expensive and dangerous to dispose of

28
Q

Explain how businesses could impact on trying to cope with climate change

A

Can be responsible for contributing to climate change or can help slow it down
May lobby governments to reduce restrictions -continue producing
May help be investing in new technologies to combat climate change

29
Q

Explain how NGB’s could impact on trying to cope with climate change

A

Many different roles/views depending on their purpose/members
Eg Greenpeace tries to persuade governments to recognise/take action against climate change

30
Q

Explain how communities/individuals could impact on trying to cope with climate change

A

Strategies developed on larger levels and carried out at a smaller levels
Eg governments encouraging recycling but actually done by individuals

31
Q

Explain how governments could impact on trying to cope with climate change

A

Create strategies on international, national and local scales

32
Q

What is the Kyoto protocol

A

International agreement between over 180 counties to monitor and cut greenhouse gas emissions by 2012

33
Q

What two categories did the Kyoto protocol split the countries into

A

Developed countries and developing countries

34
Q

What did the developed countries have to do (Kyoto protocol)

A

Cut emissions overall by 5%

35
Q

What did the developing countries have to do (Kyoto protocol)

A

Monitor and report their emissions

36
Q

Explain: agreement set up as a market in carbon ‘credits’

Kyoto protocol

A

All countries/businesses given a limit on the emissions they produce
If produced less=they could sell the extra carbon credits
If produced more=they needed to buy more credits

37
Q

Which four countries did not sign up originally in 1997 to the Kyoto protocol

A

USA, Australia, China, India

38
Q

Why did the USA and Australia not sign up to the Kyoto protocol

A

They thought it would affect their economies and that developing countries should have targets as well

39
Q

Why did China and India not sign up to the Kyoto protocol

A

They thought it would slow their growth rate

40
Q

Criticism of the Kyoto protocol

A

Some felt targets were not high enough, others thought there were no point if the highest polluters were not includes (USA did not fully join)

41
Q

The Kyoto protocol was due to expire in 2012, when did many agree to extend it to

A

2020

42
Q

What can individuals do at a local level to aid combatting climate change

A

Reduce their carbon footprint

43
Q

Why will changes to emissions be incremental rather than gradual (changing by step rather than constant)

A

Large scale initiatives are changes to attributes which are sudden changes

44
Q

What are the two categories of strategies for coping with climate change and global warming

A

Mitigation strategy

Adaptation strategy

Geography AS (mine) (15 decks)

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