COPD Management Flashcards
How can COPD be treated?
Improving exercise tolerance.
Preventing exacerbations.
Improving nutrition (causes a loss of muscle mass and weight loss).
Tackling complications and co-morbidities.
Palliative care.
What is the non-pharmacological management of COPD?
Smoking cessation.
Flu and pneumococcal vaccines (decreases in COPD hospitalisation and mortalities).
Nutritional assessment.
Psychological support.
What are the benefits of pharmacological management of COPD?
Relieves symptoms.
Prevents exacerbations.
Improves QoL.
What is inhaled therapy of COPD?
Short-acting bronchodilators.
SABA (Salbutamol); SAMA (Ipratropium).
Long-acting bronchodilators.
LABA (Salmeterol); LAMA (Umeclidinium).
High dose ICS and LABA (Revlar, Fostair MDI).
What is LTOT?
PaO2 < 7.3 kPa.
PaO2 between 7.3 and 8.0 kPa.
Polycythaemia, nocturnal hypoxia, peripheral oedema, pulmonary hypertension.
What is primary care management of COPD?
Short acting bronchodilators (nebulisers used if inhalers are not).
Steroids (Prednisolone 40mg per day for a week).
Antibiotics (if evidence of infection - fever, increase in volume or purulence of sputum).
Hospital admission (tachypnoea, SaO2 < 92%, hypotension).
What is ward-based management of COPD?
Target SaO2 of 88-92%.
Nebulised bronchodilators.
Corticosteroids.
IV/Oral antibiotics.
Assess for evidence of respiratory failure (clinical, ABG).
What is palliative care for COPD?
Management of breathlessness and dysfunctional breathing (morphine, psychological support, palliative care referral).
Anticipatory Care Plan (hospital admission, ceiling of treatment, DNACPR).
What are the different aspects of comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation?
Maintenance strategies.
Collaborative self-management.
Psychological support and therapy.
What are the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation?
Improves exercise capacity.
Reduced SOB and hospitalisations.
Reduced anxiety and depression.
