COPD

Question 1

define COPD

Answer 1

airflow limitation that is not fully reversible

Question 2

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

characterized by chronic cough for at least 3 months for 2 consecutive years with inflammation and fibrosis of the small airways

Question 3

Emphysema

Answer 3

characterized by alveolar wall destruction and airspace enlargement resulting in loss of gas-exchange surface area.

Question 4

cause of copd

Answer 4

repeated inhalation of harmful particles and gases most commonly cigg smoke

Question 5

main risk factor for copd

Answer 5

cigarette smoke

Question 6

in addition to smoking what plays a role in developing copd

Answer 6

genetic susceptibility

Question 7

what is the best documented genetic factor

Answer 7

hereditary deficiency of enzyme alpha1-antitrypsin (antiproteinase)

Question 8

what does deficiency of antiproteinase cause

Answer 8

premature and rapid development of emphysema

Question 9

difference in inflammatory reaction of asthma and copd

Answer 9

asthma ; esoniphils and mast cells
IL1 IL8 and TNFa

copd : nuetrophils, macrophages and CD8+ T lumphocytes
proteinases such as elastase and proteinase 3

Question 10

what leads to chronic cough production

Answer 10

Mucus hyper-secretion and ciliary dysfunction lead to chronic cough and sputum production.