Coordination and response Flashcards
stimuli,receptor,effector
All organisms are able to sense changes in their environment, called stimuli, and respond to them. The part of the body that senses the stimulus is a receptor, and the part that responds is an effector.
neurons
The human nervous system contains specialized cells called neurons.
CNS
The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS), which coordinates responses to stimuli.
reflex actions
Reflex actions are fast, automatic responses to a stimulus. They involve a series of neurons making up a reflex arc. A sensory neurone takes the impulse to the CNS and a motor neurone takes it from the CNS to an effector.
Receptors are generally found within
sense organs.
Two types of action controlled by the human nervous system are:
voluntary and involuntary actions. The peripheral nerves transmit both of them.
The human nervous system is made up of two parts:
Central nervous system (CNS) - brain and spinal cord: role of coordination
Peripheral nervous system - nerves: connect all parts of the body to the CNS.
Together, they coordinate and regulate body functions.
Sense organs are linked to the peripheral nervous system.
Sensory neurone
sense organs à CNS
Motor neurone
CNS à effectors
muscles or glands
Motor and sensory neurones are covered with a
myelin sheath, which insulates the neurone to make transmission of the impulse more efficient.