Coordination and disease Flashcards
What is a stimulus?
A stimulus is anything that triggers a change in the way an organism acts.
What is a response?
The subject of a stimulus.
What is the stimulus/response model? Give five answers.
- Stimulus.
- Receptor (detects/recieves stimulus).
- Processor/co-ordinating center (brain),
- Effector (carries out the response).
- Response.
How could the stimulus/response model be applied to a venus flytrap eating a fly? Give five answers.
- Stimulus, fly touches the venus flytrap’s hair 2 times.
- Receptor, venus flytrap recieves a shock.
- Processor/co-ordinating center, brain.
- Effector, venus flytrap knows to shut it’s mouth,
- Response, mouth shuts.
Why is responding good?
Responding is good as it allows one to avoid harm.
What is feedback?
Feedback is when a response changes the original stimulus.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable body condition.
What is thigmotropism?
Thigmotropism is when a plant grows when it touches stimuli.
What is phototropism?
Phototropism is when a plant adjusts its angle to face the sun.
What is gravitropism?
Gravitropism is when a plant adjuses itself to face upwards when planted on an angle.
What is the largest organ in the body?
The largest organ in the body is skin.
How many skin receptors are there? What are these skin receptors?
Skin contains three types of receptors. These are:
- Nerve receptors.
- Pressure receptors.
- Thermoreceptors (temperature receptors).
Where are the locations of the skin receptors?
- Nerve receptors are located at varying depths
- Pressure receptors are located deeper underneath the skin.
- Thermoreceptors attach to sweat glands.
What is the nerve in the nose?
The nerves in the nose are called ‘offectory cells’`
How do scents travel through the nose? Give three answers.
- The scents enter the nose as tiny particles.
- The scents dissolve in the nostrils, thus triggering offectory cells.
- The offectory nerve then sends a message to the brain so you can interpret the smell.
What are the bumps on the tongue called? What are inside these bumps?
The bumps are called ‘papillae’. Each papillae contains a group of taste buds. These taste buds contain different taste cells.
What are the five tastes humans can detect?
Humans can taste:
- Sweet.
- Salty.
- Sour.
- Bitter.
- Savoury.
How is food dissolved?
Saliva dissolves the food.
What do taste buds do?
Taste buds detect flavours and translates messages to the brain.
What are the seven things inside an eye?
- Optic nerve.
- Retina.
- Cornea.
- Pupil.
- Iris.
- Lens.
- Viterous humour.
What does the optic nerve do?
The optic nerve transfers messages to the brain.
What does the retina do?
The retina converts light into signals transferred to the brain.
What does the pupil do?
The pupil absorbs the surrounding light.
What does the cornea do?
The cornea protects the eye from germs and dust and is completely transparent.
