CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES

Question 1

refer to a wide array
of state-of-the-art technologies capable of
converting unrecyclable solid waste into
useful products, such as green fuels and
renewable energy in an environmentally
beneficial way.

Answer 1

CONVERSION
TECHNOLOGIES

Question 2

modern
methods that take waste that can’t be
recycled and turn it into useful things like
clean fuels or energy.

Answer 2

CONVERSION
TECHNOLOGIES

Question 3

come from different sources
like homes, industries, and farms, each with its
type of waste.

Answer 3

Waste streams

Question 4

This is the waste generated from households,
offices, hotels, shops, schools, and other institutions.

Answer 4

Municipal solid waste (MSW)

Question 5

This is the waste generated from industrial activities,
such as manufacturing, mining, and construction.

Answer 5

Industrial waste

Question 6

This is the waste generated from agricultural
activities, such as crop residues, animal manure,
and food processing wastes.

Answer 6

Agricultural waste

Question 7

This is the waste that poses a threat to human
health or the environment due to its toxicity,
flammability, corrosivity, or reactivity.

Answer 7

Hazardous waste

Question 8

the bacteria and
microorganisms are used to transform raw
biomass into useful energy like methane
and ethane gas.

Answer 8

BIOCHEMICAL
CONVERSION

Question 9

a series of biological processes in
which microorganisms break down
biodegradable material in the
absence of oxygen.

Answer 9

ANAEROBIC
DIGESTION

Question 10

metabolic process done by bacteria
and eukaryotes in the absence of air to
convert carbohydrates into the
products like gases, alcohols, and acids.

Answer 10

ANAEROBIC
FERMENTATION

Question 11

Use heat as the dominant mechanism
to convert biomass into another
chemical form.

Answer 11

THERMOCHEMICAL
CONVERSION

Question 12

conversion under high temperature
and pressure in a low-oxygen
environment to produce fuel gasses.

Answer 12

GASIFICATION

Question 13

similar conversion to gasification
but in the absence of oxygen

Answer 13

PYROLYSIS

Question 14

similar to pyrolysis, in the absence
of oxygen, but in the presence of
water

Answer 14

THERMAL
DEPOLYMERIZATION

Question 15

transform fresh or used vegetable oils,
animal fats, and other feedstocks into
liquid fuels or biodiesel through physical
and chemical methods.

Answer 15

PHYSIOCHEMICAL
CONVERSION

Question 16

This is a chemical process that converts vegetable oils or
animal fats into biodiesel by reacting them with an alcohol
(usually methanol) and a catalyst (usually sodium
hydroxide).

Answer 16

TRANSESTERIFICATION