Controversial Issues Flashcards
What year did the US Supreme Court legalize abortion in all 50 states?
1973
What case helped legalize abortion in the US?
Roe v. Wade
Abortion is any premature expulsion of a ______ ______, whether naturally spontaneous as in _________, or artificially induced
human fetus
miscarriage
Right to Life Camp believes that abortion constitutes _______ of an unborn person, suggesting it is a _______ as well as an ethical matter
murder
legal
Right to Choose Camp believes the right to privacy regarding health care decisions includes a _________ ________ _________, implying that __________ regulation is an infringement on this privacy
woman’s reproductive choices
governmental
Values regarding abortion include:
- belief about when life begins
- quality of life for children who are unwanted
- concern about the mother’s life and health
Euthanasia is derived from two Greek words ___, which means well or good, and __________ which means death
EU
THANATOS
Euthanasia is the act of _________ ________ a life to relieve suffering in a painless way
deliberately ending
Types of Euthanasia:
1. Active Euthanasia (similar to suicide)
- someone deliberately intervenes to end someone’s life
- lethal substances used
Types of Euthanasia:
2. Passive Euthanasia
- person causes death by withdrawing or withholding a treatment that is necessary to maintain life
Types of Euthanasia:
3. Non-active euthanasia
- Life support systems are withdrawn from the patient
Forms of Euthanasia:
1. Voluntary Euthanasia
person makes a conscious decision to die painlessly and asks for help to do this
Forms of Euthanasia:
2. Involuntary Euthanasia
patient cannot decide for themselves so another person will decide for them
A renowned advocate of the immorality and the wrongfulness of euthanasia
J. GAY - WILLIAMS
(J. Gay-Williams) Euthanasia contradicts nature since it is a blatant ______ of the natural inclination to ________ _____
violation
preserve life
__ _____ ______ is the total commitment of doctors and nurses and other HC providers
TO SAVE LIVES
“Euthanasia is immoral and therefore ought not to be legalized” was stated by
E. J. Hayes
P. J. Hayes
D. E. Kelly
Suicide is derived from the Latin word _________ which means “to kill oneself”
SUICIDIUM
Characteristics of death:
Incapable of being expressed in words
Ineffable
Characteristics of death:
Everybody dies
Inescapable
Characteristics of death:
One can never have a chance to experience death and share the encounter
Beyond experience
Characteristics of death:
No such thing as untimely death
Personal
Characteristics of death:
intrinsically embedded in us at the very moment when we earned the breath of life
Ontological
Characteristics of death:
Does not chooses who it takes
Grand equalizer
Legal and Medical Purposes Definition:
Cessation of _____ assessed flat-lined total ______ ________
EEG
cerebral function
Legal and Medical Purposes Definition:
Cessation of spontaneous _______ of the _______ system
function
respiratory
Legal and Medical Purposes Definition:
Cessation of ________ function of the _______ system
Spontaneous
circulatory
Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA)
- irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions; or
- irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain, is dead
Only the _________ stem cells have the intrinsic potency to become a zygote or an embryo
Totipotent
Scientists extract ________ stem cells from human embryos to come to terms with cure or healing of various diseases
Pluripotent
Embryos that get extracted from are considered ______ or _______ which are generated from experiments outside the womb of the mother
extra
surplus
Removal of cell from the human embryo was initiated in ______ __, _______
August 9, 2001
(J. Gay-Williams) If practiced, euthanasia will bring a lot of ________ because it endangers the preservation of life inasmuch as it leads to medical practitioners to be _____ _______
disadvantages
less efficient
(Hayses and Kelly) Legalized euthanasia would lessen the incentive for _______ ________
medical research
What is clinical death?
A medical condition that precedes death rather than being actually dead
In _______, scientists discovered the production of _______ ________ _____ _______ by using skin cells
2006
induced pluripotent stem cells
