Concepts of Bioethics

Question 1

Ethics is derived from the Greek word _____ which means _______ or _______

Answer 1

ETHOS, Custom, Character

Question 2

Ethics is a ________ science that deals with _______ of human conduct

Answer 2

philosophical science, morality

Question 3

Ethics determines human acts as ___ or ____ and _____ or ______

Answer 3

good, bad, right, wrong

Question 4

4 Major Areas of Study:
1. Descriptive Ethics

Answer 4

• describes the nature, essence, or substance of reality
• reports what people observed

Question 5

4 Major Areas of Study:
2. Normative Philosophy

Answer 5

• concerned with what is morally right and wrong

Question 6

3 types of normative philosophy:
1. Virtue-based theory

Answer 6

• ethics is about what sort of person one should strive to become
• learning process that continues throughout your life

Question 7

3 types of normative philosophy:
2. Deontological Theory

Answer 7

• do not consider consequences to be important when determining whether or not an action is ethical

Question 8

Immanuel Kant’s ethical theory is ________

Answer 8

deontological

Question 9

He claims that actions are only morally _____ when they are done ___ __ ____

Answer 9

right, out of duty

Question 10

3 types of normative philosophy:
3. Teleological Theory

Answer 10

• judges the rightness of an action in terms of an external goal or purpose
• consequences always play some part

Question 11

4 Major Areas of Study:
3. Practical Philosophy

Answer 11

• reflects on truth with due recourse of action
• work out the implications of general theories for specific forms of conduct and moral judgment
• applied ethics

Question 12

4. Critical Philosophy (Epistemology)

Answer 12

• study of the nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief
• analyzes the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief, and justification

Question 13

Morality is derived from the Latin word ____ or ________

Answer 13

MOS or MORIS

Question 14

Morality is _____ ethics

Answer 14

applied

Question 15

Morality actualizes/applies the ________ and _________ provided by ethics

Answer 15

theories and principles

Question 16

Postulates in Ethics:
1. The _________ of God

Answer 16

existence

Question 17

Postulates in Ethics:
2. The existence of _______ and ___ ___

Answer 17

intellect and free will

Question 18

Postulates in Ethics:
3. The ________ and _________ of the human soul

Answer 18

spirituality and immortality

Question 19

Moral Assumptions:
1. As a rational and free grade animal, man knows that there are actions that are ______ or _____, and ______ or _____

Answer 19

right or wrong, good or bad

Question 20

Moral Assumptions:
2. Man knows that there are actions that he is ___ _______ to do

Answer 20

not obliged

Question 21

Moral Assumptions:
3. Man knows that he is __________ for his actions

Answer 21

responsible

Question 22

Moral Assumptions:
4. Man knows that those actions are considered _______ are ________ and those actions that are _______ are ________

Answer 22

wrong are punishable, right are rewardable

Question 23

It is their being ________ that makes humans humans

Answer 23

rational

Question 24

What does intellect do?

Answer 24

• knows
• acts as the thinking faculty
• enables person to search for truth

Question 25

What does will do?

Answer 25

• chooses
• implements what has been chosen
• enables person to choose which is good

Question 26

Morality becomes ______ when one encounters a ______ _______

Answer 26

vivid, moral experience

Question 27

The human person is _________ to face their obligation

Answer 27

duty-bound

Question 28

Biology:
_______ science that deals with the _____ of life

Answer 28

Natural, issue

Question 29

Biology:
Important in bioethics because it deals with multifarious (_______) dimensions and domains of all ____ ______

Answer 29

DIVERSE, life forms

Question 30

Bioethics was introduced by _____ _______ and _______ _______ in ______

Answer 30

DANIEL CALLAHAN and WILLARD GAYLIN in 1969

Question 31

Popularized by ____ _______ _______ in ______

Answer 31

VAN RENSSELAER POTTER in 1970

Question 32

Bioethics:
A discipline that deals with the ______ implications of ________ __________

Answer 32

ethical, biological research

Question 33

Bioethics:
The study of ______ issues that emanate from the changes and developments in the _____ ______ technologies

Answer 33

ethical
life science

Question 34

Bioethics:
A branch of ethics that analyzes moral values in the context of ________ _________

Answer 34

biomedical sciences

Question 35

Nightingale’s Pledge was composed in ______ by ______ _ ______ and a Committee for the Farrand Training School for Nurses, Detroit.

Answer 35

1893
Lystra E. Gretter

Question 36

Nightingale’s Pledge was first administered to the ____ graduating class of the _______ ______ _______, Harper Hospital, Michigan.

Answer 36

1893
Farrand Training School