Controlling Microbes Flashcards
1
Q
Sterilization
A
Killing/removal of all living things or viruses
2
Q
Disinfection
A
removal of all living things, but not necessarily pathogens from a surface
3
Q
antiseptic
A
applied to living tissue to limit the growth of pathogens
4
Q
bacteriostat
A
an agent which stops the growth of bacteria
5
Q
Boiling
A
- Kills most bacteria within 10 minutes
- endospores and fungi require much longer times
6
Q
steam
A
- typically use an autoclave
- subjects bacteria to 121 C heat at 1 ATM for 15 mins
- Draw back is that the thing u are sterilizing must be able to withstand the heat
7
Q
pasteurisation
A
- 72 for 15 seconds
- just reduces number of bacteria
8
Q
Ionising radiation
A
- Gama rays
- X rays
- High Energy Electrons
- produced chemical radicals which damage DNA and cause mutations
- uses include bandages
9
Q
Non-Ionising radiation
A
- UV light
- Creates thymine dimers in DNA preventing DNA replication and causing cell death
- good for sterilizing, air, surfaces and vaccines
10
Q
Preservatives
A
act on:
- Cytoplasmic Membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Cell Wall
11
Q
Antibiotics
A
act on:
- Cell wall synthesis
- RNA polymerase
- Other aspects of protein synthesis
- Ribosomal Function
12
Q
Low temp
A
Inhibits growth by:
- stiffening membranes
- decreasing membrane transport
- reducing nutrients available for growth
