Controlled Substance Disorders- Opioids

Question 1

Different types of controlled substances include

Answer 1

stimulants, cannabis, hallucinogens, phencyclidine, opioids, sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics

Question 2

Stimulants include

Answer 2

amphetamines, metamphetamine, methylenedioxymethanphetaimine (MDMA), cocaine, and methylphenidate

Question 3

Physical consequences of stimulants use include

Answer 3

rapid or irregular heartbeat
reduced appetite
weight loss
heart failure
nervousness and insomia.

Question 4

Overdose from stimulants can cause

Answer 4

hallucinations, convulsions, and depression of the CNS and respiratory systems, which may be fatal.

Question 5

Cannabis products include

Answer 5

marijuana and hashish. They can be orally ingested or smoked. They induce relaxation, pleasure, distortions of space and time, hunger, and food cravings. These effects last for a few hours after use. Use of cannabis may lead to cough, frequent respiratory infections, and impairments of memory, attention, coordination, reaction time, and balance.

Question 6

Anabolic steroids can cause

Answer 6

hypertension, blood clotting, cholesterol changes, liver cysts and cancer, kidney cancer, hostility and aggression, and acne. They cause premature stoppage of growth in adolescents. In males they induce prostate cancer, reduced sperm production, shrunken testicles, and breast enlargement in females, they also cause menstrual irregularities and development of a beard and other masculine characteristics.

Question 7

Hallucinogens and phencyclidine (PCP or “angel dust”) cause

Answer 7

euphoria and alterations in perception, memory, and judgment. They also cause rapid emotional shifts, loss of coordination, irritation to the respiratory system, fatigue, insomnia, and autonomic instability.

Question 8

Opioids and morphine derivatives

Answer 8

These powerful drugs include opium, heroin, morphine, and codeine; they have been used for centuries to relieve pain. When used clinically opiates are safe and generally do not produce dependence. Improper use may cause nausea, constipation, confusion, sedation, respiratory depression and arrest, tolerance, addiction, unconsciousness, coma, and sometimes death.

Question 9

Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic

Answer 9

Sedative-hypnotics are used medically to relieve anxiety and facilitate sleep. This class contains the most commonly prescribed drugs, including barbiturates, benzodiazepine, methaqualone, and other tranquilizers.

Question 10

Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic if used inappropriately they may cause

Answer 10

fatigue, confusion, impairments in coordination, memory, and judgment, and resp. depression and arrest. In some cases, they may lead to death.

Question 11

Heroin is a(n)

Answer 11

opioid. Therefore those who use heroin exhibit opioid use disorder.

Question 12

Opioid dependence use disorder signs and symptoms

Answer 12

causes neurochemical and molecular brain alterations

Also causes physical dependence and tolerance, along with preoccupation and physical incapacitation.

Question 13

Medications used for opioid detoxification

Answer 13

methadone, naltrexone, buprenorphine

These medications also prevent relapse