Control of Ventilation Flashcards
What part of the brain is responsible for ventilation control?
Medulla
What parts of the medulla are involved in ventilation
Dorsal Respiratory group - Inspiration
Ventral Respiratory group - Expiration
What four things modify the respiratory drive (not including chemoreceptors)
Pons - Pontine respiratory group fine tunes it
Voluntary control - Corticospinal tract
Lungs - Irritant, J receptors (shallow breathing in pathology like HF or pneumonia) and pulmonary stretch receptors via the Hering-Breur Reflex.
Upper airway reflexes - Nasal. swallowing, irritants
What is the Hering-Breur Reflex.
This involves pulmonary stretch receptors. If the lung is stretched out the inspiratory muscles are inhibited
What is the main drive for respiration?
High C02
Low 02 is less important but more so in those with COPD
Where are the chemoreceptors for C02?
In the ventricles near the medulla. The CSF picks up high levels in the arteries and relays this to the medulla
Where are the chemoreceptors for 02?
In the carotid body via CNIX
What reflexes does the vagus nerve contribute to in the upper airway?
Dive reflex, aspiration reflex, coughing and sneezing
What is the diving reflex?
RR slows when water on face
What is the aspiration reflex?
Sharp intake of breathe when aspirating
What generates respiratory rhythm?
Prebotzinger complex
What does the medulla monitor?
Acidosis
Co2
Where are glomus cells and what do they monitor?
Carotid body
Aortic arch
Co2, O2
