Control Of Microbial Growth

Question 1

Sterilization

Answer 1

The absolute destruction of all forms of microbial life. ENDOTOXINS

Question 2

Commercial Sterilized

Answer 2

The heat treatment of canned goods to destroy the endotoxins of Clostridium Botulism. DOES NOT STERILIZE.

Question 3

Where should you store your canned goods?

Answer 3

Dark and cold environment. If it’s not stored this way it can result in endospores of thermophilic bacteria.

Question 4

Disinfection

Answer 4

Process of destroying active (vegetative) pathogens, not necessarily spores or viruses. INANIMATE OBJECTS

Question 5

Antisepsis

Answer 5

Chemical disinfection of active (vegetative) pathogens on the skin or other living tissues.

Question 6

Degerming

Answer 6

The mechanical removal of transient microbes from the skin. (Alcohol swabs)

Question 7

Sanitization

Answer 7

The reduction of pathogens on objects by mechanical or chemical means.

Question 8

Germicide (biocide)

Answer 8

A chemical that kills microbes rapidly, but not necessarily their spores.

Question 9

Kills bacteria

Answer 9

Bactericide

Question 10

Kills spores

Answer 10

Sporicide

Question 11

Kills fungus

Answer 11

Fungicide

Question 12

Kills viruses

Answer 12

Virucide

Question 13

Bacteriostasis

Answer 13

An agent that inhibits bacterial growth, but does not kill them (sulfa drugs)

Question 14

Sepsis

Answer 14

Decay or putrid, indicates bacterial contamination. Also used to describe a disease condition.

Question 15

Asepsis

Answer 15

The absence of pathogens from an object or area.

Question 16

Influences of microbial death

Answer 16

The number of microbes
Environmental influences 
(1) presence of organic material (blood, saliva, feces) 
(2) pH
(3) temperature at which agent is used

Question 17

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 17

Very difficult to kill with chemical agents.

Forms a blue/green pigment and smells like rotten fruit.

Question 18

Actions of microbial control agents

Answer 18

Alternation of membrane permeability
Damage to proteins and nucleus acids
(1) denaturation

Question 19

Physical methods

Answer 19

Works the best!

Boiling (100 C) does not eliminate spores and extreme thermophiles can survive

Question 20

Autoclaving

Answer 20

The use of steam under pressure.
15 pounds for 15 minutes at 121 C results in sterilization.
ENDOTOXINS

Question 21

How to know if your autoclave is working.

Answer 21

Test with Bacillus (Geobacillus) stearothermophilus. SUPER MAN BACTERIA.

Question 22

Pasteurization

Answer 22

Heating of liquids at 63 C for 30 minutes. REDUCTIONS OF MICROBES DOES NOT STERILIZE

Question 23

High temperature, short-time pasteurization (HTST)

Answer 23

72 C for 15 seconds

Question 24

Ultra-high temperature processing (UHT)

Answer 24

140 C for a few seconds. NOT pasteurization and sterilizes the liquids and can be stored for months without refrigeration.