Control of Lung Funtion Flashcards
What is the medulla oblongata?
Found in the ? Has many ?
COntains the dorsal respiratory group, it leads inspiration
Towards the ventral side of the medulla, the ventral repsiratory group leads expiration
Apneustic
Pneumoxsomething
What is the neumonic to remember the roles of the ventral and dorsal centres?
DIVE - dorsal inspire ventral expire
WHat is the on-switch for the start of breathing?
What is the off-switch for breathing?
How do the respiratory APs work? And why?
It will be what at the start and what at the end?
In a ramp pattern - frequency of ramps can get higher and higher ?
Ap smoething and P something?
The respiratory muscles are innervated by which 3 fibres?
Which nerve is the primary drive to breathe?
Which nerve innervates the internal intercostal muscles for expiration?
PNS, SNS, and motor nervous fibres
Phrenic nerve - it bilateral
idk??
How chemosensitive is the medulla?
Proton conc = proportional to CO2 conc? why?
Continuous = tight junctions with no gaps
Can bicarbonate move across the endothelial cells in the blood brain barrier - So once CO2 moves through, it can combine with H2O to form H+ and bicarbonate ions
CSF proton concentration reflects blood entering across the blood brain barrier?
Is CO2 lipid soluble?
Yes
What factors affect the airways to change the depth and speed of our breaths?
What to do if someone is choking?
Irritant receptors - identify irritants, leads to coughing - huge intrathoracic positive pressure allows for rapid ejection of air
Stretch receptors - excessive inflation of the lungs activates pulmonary stretch receptors = afferent signals to respiratory centres to stop inspiratory effort - recoil forces will push the air out
J receptors = next to capillary cells of the alveoli and detect accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space / pulmonary arteries becoming too large (engorgement)??
If someone is coughing from choking, encourage them to cough first before back slaps and abdominal thrusts
How the hell does a person hold their breath for 24 minutes?!?!?!
they’re not a person
graph??
What is acid base homeostasis?
something lives in equilibrium with the free acid and free base
In the body its between H+ and CO2
Where is carbolic anhydrase found? What does it do?
RBCs mainly - but many other body tissues as well
What is the capacity of the blood to buffer acid ingestion?
Dog was injected with 14M acid - his pH was well controlled rather than dying
The blood therefore has enormous buffering capacity - [H=] is much much smaller than [Na+] or [K+] in the blood
Use log scales to work out concentrations - basically A level chem
What are the definitions of these terms:
Alkalaemia
Acidaemia
Alkalosis
Acidosis
- Alkalaemia = refers to higher than normal pH of blood
- Acidaemia = refers to lower than normal pH of blood
- Alkalosis = describes circumstances that will decrease [H+] and increase pH
- Acidosis = describes circumstances
