Control of Communicable Diseases Flashcards
Differentiate infectious from contagious
Infectious: caused by pathogens
Contagious: spread though human-human contact
Give examples of pathogens
Bacteria, virus, fungi
Give examples of human-human contact
Discharge, object
Classify the ff modes of transmission:
- Droplet (fluid, cough, sneeze)
- Vector (mosquito, ticks, fleas)
- Vehicle (food, water)
- Direct contact (skin, sex, soil)
- Airborne
- Fomites (hanky, bed linen)
A. Direct
B. Indirect
1A 2B 3B 4A 5B 6B
Match the RA to its corresponding role:
- RA 4073
- PO 205-1585
- AO 0036
- RA 3573
- AO 0023
A. Management committee for infectious diseases
B. Reporting diseases within 24 hrs
C. Formula One guidelines
D. Treatment of leprosy
E. Philippine Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response Framework
1D 2C 3E 4B 5A
Diseases that must be reported immediately even if single case (AMNROU)
Anthrax Measles Neonatal tetanus Rabies Outbreaks Unusual diseases (COVID)
Give at least 3 nursing functions in CD control
Health education
Case finding, epidemiologic investigations
Training and supervision Coordination w/other HCWs
Requisition of drugs
Reporting cases
Leprosy is also known as ____ and it used to be one of the leading causes of d___
Hansen’s Disease
Disability
Match the causative agent: (CD)
- Rhabdovirus
- Mycobacterium leprae
- Anopheles mosquito
- Treponema palladium
- Aedes poicillus
- Parasite
- Aedes aegypti
- Aedes albopictus
- Neisseria Gonorrhea
A. Malaria B. Rabies C. Filiariasis D. Leprosy E. Dengue F. Syphilis G. Zika H. Filariasis I. Chikunguya J. Schistosomiasis K. Gonorrhea
1
(FILL IN) Leprosy
S/sx: u___ & p___
Early: r__ & h___
Late: d___
Ulcerations
Reddish skin & hair loss
Deformities
(FILL IN)
Slit skin smear result and # of lesions
Multibacillary () & (more/less than 5)
Paucibacillary ()& (more/less than 5)
+, more
-, less
(T/F)
Tuberculoid leprosy = loss of structure
Lepromatous leprosy = more severe, loss of sensation
FALSE, vice versa
T > L
What are the medications for single-lesion paucibacillary (SLPB)? (ROM)
Rifampicin 600 mg
Ofloxacin 400 mg
Minocycline 100 mg
What is RA 4073? Name 2 advantages of this
Domiciliary Treatment or Home Treatment for Leprosy
Reduces degree of infectiousness and duration of treatment
Give at least 3 ways to prevent leprosy
Treat all leprosy cases
BCG immunization
Post-exposure chemoprophylaxis with single
dose rifampicin
Young children should avoid direct contact
Practice personal hygiene, good nutrition, enough rest and exercise, clean environment
Three Main Strategies to Control Leprosy (ETD)
Early detection
Adequate treatment
Prevention of disabilities
Incubation period of rabies
2-8 weeks
(T/F) People have to be bitten to get rabies
FALSE
source: saliva but can also be acquired through licking, scratching
(FILL IN) Prognosis of rabies gets ___ as symptoms show
Worse
(T/F) Rabies can cause inflammation of the area bitten
FALSE, it causes inflammation of the brain = delirium, paralysis, spasms
Treatment of Rabies (WCO)
Wash with soap and water
Consult immediately
Observe dog for 14 days
(FILL IN)
We can prevent rabies by i___ and being r___
Immunization
Responsible pet owners
Characteristic biting
Anopheles:
Aedes aegypti:
(N) Night
(D) Day
Characteristic biting and breeding
Anopheles:
Aedes aegypti:
(N) Night, any collection of water
(D) Day, fresh stagnant water
How is malaria diagnosed?
History of being in malaria-endemic areas
S/sx
Blood smear
Rapid diagnostic test
4 Methods of Preventing Malaria (CBEE)
Chemical: fumigation, chemically treated nets
Biological: larvae eating fish
Environmental: screening of houses
Educational: avoid outdoor activities at peak hrs (9PM-3AM) and wear long clothes
Chloroquine is for?
Malaria
Name the 3 stages of dengue
Febrile (1-4)
Toxic or hemorrhagic (4-7)
Convalescent (7-10)
At which stage is a person more prone to develop Dengue Shock Syndrome?
Second (toxic/hemorrhagic)
(T/F) Dengue used to be diagnosed with the Rumpel Leede Test (tourniquet & bp) but now, it is diagnosed with platelet count
FALSE, vice versa
One way to prevent dengue is to do the 4 o’clock habit. What are the 4S?
Search and destroy
Self protection measures
Seek early consult
Say no to indiscriminate fogging
Incubation period of Filariasis
6-8 months
(T/F) The blood smear for filariasis is done in the morning
FALSE, the parasite is nocturnal
Treatment of Filariasis (MSNP)
Medical: medications
Surgical: anastomosis, ligation
Nursing: symptomatic
P: eradication of vectors
Match the incubation period with the corresponding disease:
- 6-8 months
- 3-5 years
- 2-8 weeks
- 3-7 days
A. Rabies
B. Filariasis
C. Chikungaya
D. Leprosy
1
2
3
Match the incubation period with the corresponding disease:
- 6-8 months
- 3-5 years
- 2-8 weeks
- 3-7 days
- 1-20 years
A. Rabies B. Filariasis C. Chikungaya D. Leprosy E. HIV
1
2
3
Treatment of Chikungaya (RFMAP)
Rest Increase fluids Take medicines Except aspirin (bleeding) Prevent bites (infect others)
Zika virus can be transmitted via
BPST
Bite
Placenta
Sex
Blood transfusion
(T/F) Zika is associated with birth defects such as macrocephaly
FALSE, microcephaly
(FILL IN) Treatment for TB usually lasts for _ months with the TB-DOTS program where __
6
Patients must be seen taking the medication
Pathognomonic Signs of TB (CFWN)
Cough
Fever
Weight loss
Night loss
Can be used to check for infiltrates, may not always detect an active infection of TB
Chest xray
Define the types of TB cases: New Relapse Treatment after failure Return after default Transfer in
Never taken
Previously treated and cured but came back
Still positive after 5 months of treatment
Lost to follow up = treatment was interrupted for 2 months or more
Transferred house = new barangay
Resistance is mainly due to n___
Non-compliance w/drug regimen
Also known as snail fever or bilharziasis
Schistosomiasis
Give at least 3 s/sx of schistosomiasis
Rashes Afternoon fever Muscle aches Swelling around liver Bladder damage
Which is the preferred test for schistosomiasis? (stool/serology)
Serology
Praziquantel is for?
Schistosomiasis
What are the two other types of gonorrhea? (ON/C)
Opthalmia neonatorum (eyes of infan
What are the two other types of gonorrhea? (ON/C)
Ophthalmia neonatorum (eyes of infant due to infected birth canal) Gonorrheal conjunctivitis (eye infection)
Describe the primary, secondary, and tertiary stage of syphilis
Primary: chancre appears, may disappear w/ or w/o treatment
Secondary: highly contagious
Tertiary: bacteria damages organs, can lead to death
HIV attacks what kind of cells?
T-cells (CD4+)
Give at least 3 transmission methods of HIV
Unprotected sex Sharing needles (drug abuse) Transfusion of HIV infected blood Breastfeeding by HIV infected mother Infants born to HIV infected mothers Improper sterilized hospital tools Transplantation of infected organs
