Control of blood glucose concentrations

Question 1

Where are insulin and glucagon secreted from

Answer 1

Cells in pancreas called islets of Langerhans. A- Glucagon , B- Insulin.

Question 2

How does insulin lower blood glucose concentration

Answer 2

B secrete insulin which binds to specific receptor on cell membrane of liver cell, increasing permeability so muscle take more glucose- increase channel proteins. Insulin activate enzyme converting glucose to glycogen(glycogenesis)

Question 3

How does Glucagon raise blood glucose concentration

Answer 3

A-secrete it, bind to specific receptor of liver cell, activate enzyme breaking glycogen to glucose - glycogenolysis. Also activate enzyme converting amino acid to glucose - gluconeogensis

Question 4

Role of adrenaline in regulating blood glucose

Answer 4

increases concentration as secreted by adrenal gland bind to receptor on surface of liver cell activating glycogenolysis also inhibits glycogensis

Question 5

What is the secondary messenger model

Answer 5

Adrenaline bind to protein receptor on surface of liver cell, activate enzyme adenylate cyclase which converts ATP to chemical signal called cAMP which acts as a secondary messenger it activates enzyme protein kinese a breaks glycogen to glucose