Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History - Nazi Germany > Control and Opposition > Flashcards

Control and Opposition Flashcards

Unit 2 of the Nazi Germany section

1
Q

When was the SS set up, and what was its initial purpose?

A

1925, it was Hitler’s personal bodyguard service and fanatically loyal to him and utterly ruthless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who was the SS led by?

A

Heinrich Himmler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How large was the SS?

A

It had 250,000 members by 1939

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the SS described as?

A

A “state within a state”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the Kripo?

A

The first branch of the SS who carried out general policing duties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was the Gestapo?

A

The second branch of the SS which was the secret police force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was the name of the Gestapo leaders in every town who collected donations and reported suspicious behaviour?

A

Block Leaders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was the name of the Gestapo members who were provincial leaders appointed in 42 districts?

A

Gauleiters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the law passed in relation to the Gestapo?

A

The Gestapo Law of 1936

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the Gestapo allowed to do?

A

Arrest, detain and execute anyone suspected of working against the state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How large was the Gestapo?

A

It had 45,000 members by 1940

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What did the Gestapo do to eliminate opposition?

A

They listened in on telephone conversations, intercepted letters and encouraged informers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the SD?

A

The third branch of the SS, responsible for the security of Hitler and other top Nazis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who was the SD led by?

A

Reinhard Heydrich

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When were the People’s Courts set up?

A

1934

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What were the differences between normal courts of law and the People’s Courts?

A

The People’s Courts were presided over by Nazi judges expected to always act in the interests of the state, they had no juries and the role of defence lawyers was weakened

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happened to the number of crimes that carried the death penalty?

A

It increased from 3 to 46

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was “protective custody”?

A

A policy meaning people could be arrested, detained and put in prison without trial even if they had not broken the law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What other changes meant the legal system was no longer fair?

A

The highest ranking jobs in the police and courts were given to loyal and well-connected Nazis, crimes committed by the Nazis were ignored and all lawyers had to join the Nazi Lawyers’ Association so they could be controlled.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did the Nazis do when the German prisons became overrun?

A

They built large prison camps to concentrate prisoners, or concentration camps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What were the key groups of people sent to concentration camps?

A

Communists, socialists, Jews, journalists, trade unionists, gay people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where and when was the first concentration camp established?

A

Dachau in Bavaria, in March 1933

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who were the concentration camps run by?

A

Part of the SS called the Death’s Head Units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How many people had been sent to concentration camps by 1939?

A

6 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What was the name of the concept embraced by the Nazis in order to control the people of Germany?

A

Volksgemeinschaft, meaning people’s community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What did the German people learn to do in order to avoid being arrested by the SS?

A

“speak through a flower”

27
Q

What was the part of the Nazi government responsible for propaganda and censorship?

A

The Ministry of Propaganda and Enlightenment

28
Q

Who was in charge of the Ministry of Propaganda?

A

Joseph Goebbels

29
Q

What regulations did the Nazis impose on the newspaper industry?

A

Editors were told what to print at a briefing every day at the Ministry, only journalists approved by the Nazis were allowed to work, no criticism of Nazi actions was allowed and newspapers that printed stories the Nazis did not approve of were shut down.

30
Q

What percentage of German newspapers in circulation did the Nazis own by 1939?

A

69%

31
Q

What were the parades and rallies meant to celebrate?

A

Germany, Hitler himself or special anniversaries

32
Q

What was the most famous rally, and where and when was it held?

A

The Nuremberg Rally, held every August in Nuremberg

33
Q

Which international event did Goebbels take advantage of for propaganda purposes, and where and when was it held?

A

The Olympic Games, held in 1936 in Berlin

34
Q

What was the name of the affordable radio mass produced by the Nazis, and which company was it produced by?

A

The People’s Receiver, produced by the Reich Radio Company

35
Q

What restrictions did the Nazis impose on the radio?

A

The People’s Receivers could only receive one station, loudspeakers were placed in public places and workplaces so everyone would hear the Nazi broadcasts, radio wardens were employed to ensure everyone listened to important speeches and listening to foreign radio stations was banned.

36
Q

What percentage of households owned a People’s Receiver by 1939?

A

70%

37
Q

Give two examples of Nazi propaganda films.

A

The 1934 film Triumph of the Will, about the 1934 Nuremberg Rally; the 1940 film The Eternal Jew, an antisemitic retelling of the myth of the wandering Jew

38
Q

How many books disapproved of by the Nazis were burnt by Berlin students, and when did this happen?

A

20,000 books, in May 1933

39
Q

Name two modern artists whose works were thrown out of art galleries.

A

Otto Dix and George Grosz

40
Q

What type of music was banned, and why?

A

Jazz music, as it originated from black people and was therefore considered degenerate.

41
Q

Give an example of a dance that was banned, and explain why.

A

The jitterbug [generalised word for swing dancing like the Charleston and Lindy hop] as it originated from black people and was therefore considered degenerate.

42
Q

Who were the Nazis extremely popular with?

A

People living in rural Protestant areas, lower middle class people and small businessmen and shopkeepers.

43
Q

About how many Germans were Catholic in 1933?

A

One third of

44
Q

About how many Germans were Protestant in 1933?

A

Two thirds of

45
Q

What does “Concordat” mean?

A

Agreement

46
Q

When did Hitler sign the Concordat with the Catholic Church?

A

July 1933

47
Q

What were the terms of the Concordat?

A

The Catholic Church would stay out of politics and its bishops in Germany would swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler. In return the Nazis would let Catholic services, schools and youth groups continue to operate.

48
Q

When did the Concordat begin to break down, and what did the Nazis do?

A

1936, when the Nazis began to target the Catholic Youth League and Catholic schools.

49
Q

Which pope condemned the Nazi regime, and when and how did he do it?

A

Pope Prius XI, in 1937 in an encyclical read out on Catholic Churches

50
Q

How many groups of Protestants were there in Germany in 1933?

A

28

51
Q

What did the Protestant churches unite to become?

A

The Reich Church

52
Q

Who was the first Reich bishop and when was he appointed?

A

Ludwig Müller in July 1933

53
Q

What were the differences between the Reich Church and a normal Christian church?

A

They adopted Nazi-style uniforms, salutes and marches; its slogan was “the swastika on our chests and the Cross in our hearts”; its symbol was a Christian Cross with a swastika in the centre; and it used a Bible altered to present a Nazi message including removing references to Jews

54
Q

What did the Protestants who disagreed with the Nazis do?

A

They set up the Confessional Church in 1934

55
Q

How many pastors joined the Confessional Church?

A

More than 6000

56
Q

About how many Confessional Church pastors were arrested and sent to concentration camps?

A

800

57
Q

What church did the Nazis set up to try and turn Germans away from Christianity?

A

The German Faith Movement

58
Q

What were some of the characteristics of the German Faith Movement?

A

It was based on pagan beliefs like worship of the sun, its main symbol was a swastika, the replaced the Bible with Mein Kampf, and it was never very popular

59
Q

About how many young people avoided joining the Hitler Youth?

A

A million

60
Q

Give three examples of youth groups formed to rebel against the Hitler Youth.

A

Swing Youth, Edelweiss Pirates, Leipzig Hounds

61
Q

What were some of the characteristics of the Swing Youth?

A

They grew their hair long, went to dance clubs and danced to jazz music. They tended to be more upper class.

62
Q

What were some of the characteristics of the Edelweiss Pirates?

A

They wore checked shirts, dark shorts, white socks and an edelweiss flower lapel pin; they hung around in parks and committed vandalism; they drank alcohol and danced to jazz. They tended to be middle class.

63
Q

What were some of the defining characteristics of the Leipzig Hounds?

A

They were a communist group and listened to Moscow radio.

History - Nazi Germany (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions