Contraceptives And Sterilization Flashcards
Two general mechanisms of action for contraceptives?
Inhibit formation and release of egg
Impose a mechanism, chemical, or temporal barrier between sperm and egg
What is an advantage to using hormonal contraceptives?
Provide the most effective reversible contraception
6 types of hormonal contraceptives?
Oral Injectable IUD Patch Ring Implantable
Mechanism of action for an oral?
Inhibits GnRH and FSH and LH
What three things does progesterone do in the oral pill?
Stop LH from leading to ovulation
Inhabiting sperm migration because all of the mucus it produces
Results in atrophic endometrium so bad implantation site
What does the estrogen do in the oral pill?
Cycle control
What is the MOA of using the progestin only pill and in what 2 patients do we use these in usually?
Making cervical mucus thick and not easily penetrated
Breast feeding moms and contraindicated estrogen ladies
4 benefits of oral contraceptives?
Period regularity
Improve painful periods
Lower iron deficiency anemia
Lower endometrial and ovarian cancer, benign breast and ovarian disease
Most common side effect with oral contraceptives?
Breakthrough bleeding
5 serious side effects of oral contraceptives?
DVT, PE, gallbladder, stoke and MI, and hepatic tumors
What patient population can the patch not be used in, and what is the increased risk of the patch vs. the oral?
Can’t use it in women over 198 pounds
Greater risk of thrombosis
What is a benefit of the vaginal ring?
Better tolerance and less breakthrough bleeding
What women cannot use combo contraceptive therapy?
Women over 35 who smoke
Women with personal history of thromboembolic event
Women with history of CAD, CVD, CHF, uncontrolled HTN, or migraine with aura
Women with moderate to severe liver disease
What is the mechanism of action for injectable?
Thicken Cervical mucosa, thinning fo endometrium and blocks LH surge and ovulation.
What is the black box warning for the injectable, depo?
Bone problems, so discontinue use after 2 years
3 side effects of using depo?
Irregular bleeding, weight gain and exacerbation of depression
6 indications for depo?
Desire effective contraception
Need better compliance since it is injected every few months
Estrogen is contraindicated
Endometriosis
Decreased risk of endometrial hyperplasia
Breast feeding
5 contraindications of depo?
Pregnant Vaginal bleeding Malignancy of breast Thromboembolic problems Liver disease
2 mechanisms of action for nexplanon?
Thickens cervical mucous
Inhibits ovulation
4 very common side effect of the implant?
Irregularly irregular bleeding
HA
Weight gain
Acne
What is the only absolute contraindication for the implant?
Breast cancer
What hormone is in the depo? What hormone is in the implant?
Both are a progestin
3 risks of IUDs?
Infection
Ectopic pregnancy
Malposition
How long can the following IUDs stay in a female?
Copper. Mirena/kyleena. Liletta/skyla.
10
5
3
Contraindications for copper t IUD?
Wilson’s disease
4 benefits to IUDs?
Decrease menstrual blood loss
Less painful periods
Protects endometrial lining from estrogen
Convenient/long term
What is the only method of contraception with protection against STI?
Condoms
What must be used with a diaphragm and women who use diaphragms are more at risk for what?
Spermicide
UTIs
How does emergency contraception work?
Prevent ovulation and fertilization
What are the two emergency contraceptions?
Pan b and Ella
What type of female sterilization is used when there is a risk for breast or ovarian cancer?
Salpingectomy. Take out the entire tube .
What is the most common permanent female sterilization procedure in the world?
Mini laparotomy
What is the complaint against essure procedure?
Pain afterwards
