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34 Fertility and reproduction > Contraceptives > Flashcards

Contraceptives Flashcards

1
Q

Main groups of hormonal contraceptives (2 groups)

A

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives

Progestin-only contraceptive

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2
Q

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives - MOA

A

Synergistic suppression of ovulation, by feedback inhibition of GnRH secretion.
Estrogen component: decreased FSH secretion (no maturation of follicle).
Progestin component: inhibit LH surge (no ovulation).
Delayed maturation of endometrium, development of viscous cervical mucus

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3
Q

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives - indications

A

Contraceptives
Acne vulgaris
Dysmenorrhea

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4
Q

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives - cautions

A

Smoker over 35 y

Gall bladder disease

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5
Q

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives - contraindications

A 
Thromboembolic disease
CAD
Active liver disease
Breast cancer
Carcinoma of reprod tract
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6
Q

Estrogen-progestin contraceptives - adverse effects

A

High BP, thromboembolic disorders, gallstones, effects of altered hormone levels

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7
Q

High doses of estrogen-progestin contraceptives increases the risk of

A

Breast cancer, stroke, MI, DVT

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8
Q

Which drugs may cause contraceptive failure

A

Carbamazepine & phenytoin.

Antibiotics (penicillins & tetracyclines)

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9
Q

Estrogen potentiate the effects of which drugs?

A

Cyclosporine
Antidepressants
Glucocorticoids

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10
Q

Types of estrogen-progestin contraceptives (2 groups)

A

Monophasic

Triphasic

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11
Q

Extended-cycle monophasic estrogen-progestin contraceptive and its indication

A

Ethinyl estradiol + levonorgestrel (sesonale).

Used for menstrual suppression

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12
Q

Triphasic estrogen-progestin contraceptive

A

Ethinyl estradiol + desogestrel (Natazia)

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13
Q

Transdermal skin patch - adverse effects

A

Greater incidence of venous throboembolism

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14
Q

Progestin-only contraceptives (3 drugs)

A

Norethinidrone (minipills)
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Levonorgestrel

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15
Q

Progestin-only contraceptives - MOA

A

Decreases frequency of GnRH pulse and LH surge.

Thicken & decrease cervical mucus, create a thin, atrophic endometrium

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16
Q

Progestin-only contraceptives - adverse effects

A

Spotting
Amenorrhea
Ectopic pregnancy
Irregular mestruation

17
Q

Emergency post-coital contraceptive (1 drug)

A

Levonorgestrel

18
Q

Levonorgestrel is usually administered with ?

A

Promethazine

34 Fertility and reproduction (6 decks)

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