Contraception Flashcards
What type of contraceptive counseling should you give?
Individualized, not a lecture
What are things to consider when guiding decision making?
When she wants to conceive, efficacy, duration, timing, side effects, safety, what concerns her
What could impact contraception choice?
motivation, cost, cultural/religious, convenience, effectiveness, side effects, STI protection
What is the most important factor in the decision?
effectiveness
What prior knowledge should you assess?
past contraceptive use and myths/misconceptions
Begin with what is
most important to her
What should the nurse make sure?
they know all about the methods available to them
What should the enurse educate and ensure when a method has been chosen?
proper use of method and appropriate follow-up care
What makes a contraception good?
effectiveness, cost, ease of use, convenience, few side effects, reversability
What are the most effective contraceptive methods?
Implant, vasectomy, female sterilization, IUC
Failure rate mean
The percentage indicates the number out of every 100 women who experienced an unintended pregnancy within the first year of typical use of each contraceptive
What are the 2 types of birth control?
hormonal and non-hormonal
What are some examples of hormonal birth control?
oral contraceptive (pills), injection, patch, ring, certain IUD’s (mirena, skyla), implant (Nexplanon)
What are some examples of non hormonal birth control?
Paragard IUD, condoms, diaphragm/sponge, natural family planning, withdrawal`
birth control pills
long lasting, not permanent, alters woman’s hormones, no STI protection, doesn’t work with antibiotics
What birth control pills should breastfeeding woman take
progesterone only
What birth control pills should woman over 35 who smoke take?
progesterone only
Depo provera injecction
progesterone only, every 12 weeks, bone loss potential, unclear is reversible
Nuvaring
flexible, soft ring inserted into vagina for 3 weeks, then a ring free week, absorbed directly in blood stream, same hormones as OC
Patch
prevents ovulation, estrogen and progestin, 3 weeks on then patch free, absorbed directly into blood stream, higher compliance
Where would you place a patch?
lower abdomen, upper outer arms, buttocks, upper torso
Implant (Nexplanon)
releases steady dose of progestin into your body to prevent ovulation and thicken the mucus of woman’s cervix
Details if implant
3 years protection, single rod, minor surgery to insert and remove
Side effects if implant
irregular bleeding, headaches, weight gain, breast tenderness, depression
Contraindications to implant
known or suspected pregnancy, active DVT, severe hepatic disease, personal hx of breast cancer, inability to tolerate irregular menses
Why are long acting reversible contraceptives beneficial?
They are not user dependent
What are the 3 IUD’s
Mirena, Skyla, paragard
How does paragard differ from the other two IUD’s
no hormones
Paragard (Copper IU system)
10 years of use, emergency contraception, no hormones
What does a copper IUD do?
prevents fertilization, impairs the viability of the sperm, interferes with sperm movement Copper IUD in uterus
Skyla
smaller than mirena, 3 year usage, good for woman who has never given birth
MIrena
5 years, amenorrhea occurs in 20% of users
What does mirena do?
inhibits sperm from reaching/fertilizing the egg, things uterine lining, thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering uterus
Barrier methods
diaphragm, cervical cap, condoms, sponge
Diaphragm
soft latex dome surronded by metal ring, use with jelly
Timing of diaphram
insert up to 4 hours before intervourse and leave in 6 hours after
What is tubal ligation
fallopian tubes are grasped and sealed with cautery or with rings, bands, or clips, then cut and tied
Emergency contraception needs to be used
within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse
