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EXAM PREP > Continuous and Discontinous Measurement (A-12, A-13) > Flashcards

Continuous and Discontinous Measurement (A-12, A-13) Flashcards

1
Q

The term time sampling refers to a variety of methods for observing and recording…
A. Every instance of behavior for a representative period of time
B. A sample of behavior during intervals or at specified moments in time
C. Every instance of behavior as it happens
D. Discrete responses that occur at a relatively low frequency

A

B

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2
Q

Percent of occurrences based on too few opportunities yields…
A. Over or under estimated results
B. Underestimated results
C. Overestimated results
D. Over and under estimated results, at the same time.

A

A

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3
Q

Whole interval recording is often used when measuring…
A. Several behaviors at the same time or behaviors that cooccur with other higher rate target behaviors
B. Behaviors that occur at such a low rate that it is difficult to maintain constant observation for a sustained period of time
C. Behaviors that occur at such a high rate that it is difficult to distinguish one response from the next
D. Behaviors for which there is no apparent antecedent or consequence

A

C

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4
Q

Continuous recording procedures involve recording…
A. A sample of all possible occurrences of a target behavior
B. The occurrence of a target behavior during a specified interval
C. The occurrence of all instances of a target behavior
D. The occurrence of a target behavior at the end of a specified interval

A

C

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5
Q

So that frequency measures can be meaningfully compared across observation sessions when the target response is opportunity bound or trial bound (i.e. The response can’t meaningfully occur in the absence of a specified stimulus), frequency measures should…
A. Be converted to percent of opportunities to respond
B. Not be used
C. Be reported as an average across all observations
D. Be converted to response rate

A

A

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6
Q

Event recording is a useful measure when the goal of an intervention is to…
A. Shorten or lengthen the latency to respond to an SD
B. Increase or decrease the number of times a target behavior occurs
C. Increase or decrease the intensity of a target response
D. Shorten or lengthen the duration of a target response

A

B

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7
Q 
Event recording would not be appropriate for measuring which of the following behaviors?
	A. Crying
	B. Words read
	C. Mands
	D. All of the above
A

A

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8
Q

Using a momentary time sampling procedure, it is necessary to observe…
A. During the entire interval or until the behavior is observed
B. Momentarily several times throughout the interval
C. Very briefly at the end of the interval
D. During the entire interval

A

C

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9
Q 
Whole interval recording is often used when measuring…
	A. Discrete behavior
	B. Continuous behavior
	C. Antecedents to problem behavior
	D. Multiple behaviors
A

B

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10
Q

The partial interval method over estimates the actual occurrence of behavior because…
A. All time sampling methods overestimate the actual occurrence of behavior
B. Behavior is only observed and recorded during a portion of each interval
C. Any behavior that does not occur for the entire interval is not counted
D. Behavior may occur during a small part of the interval but the entire interval is scored

A

D

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11
Q

Time sampling data…
A. Do not represent the real time occurrences of the target behaviors at the time they were collected
B. Our best collected when one records the behavior while at the same time watches the timer to track the recording intervals
C. Are typically used when it is easy and convenient to observe all occurrences of the target behavior
D. More closely estimate the amount of behavior when intervals are short, and observations are conducted frequently

A

D

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12
Q 
With partial interval recording, you record the behavior if it occurs…
	A. At the beginning of the interval
	B. Throughout the entire interval
	C. At the end of the interval
	D. At any time during the interval
A

D

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13
Q 
With whole interval recording, you record the behavior if it occurs…
	A. At any time during the interval
	B. Throughout the entire interval
	C. At the end of the interval
	D. At the beginning of the interval
A

B

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14
Q 
When using whole interval recording, your data are more likely to underestimate the actual rate or duration of the target behavior when the observation. Is divided into…
	A. Intervals of varying lengths
	B. Shorter intervals
	C. Longer intervals
	D. Intervals of equal lengths
A

C

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15
Q

So that frequency measures can be meaningfully compared across observation sessions when the duration of observation sessions varies, frequency measures should…
A. Be converted to percent of opportunities to respond
B. Be converted to response rate
C. Not be used
D. Be reported as an average across all observations

A

B
Response rate is defined as the frequency of behavior per unit of time. When observation sessions vary in duration, the frequency of responding is determined in part by the length of the observation period. In this case, dividing the number of responses by session duration gives the response rate and allows for making meaningful comparisons over sessions of different durations

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16
Q

The whole interval method underestimates the actual duration of behavior…
A. When occurrences of the behavior continue after the observation interval ends
B. Because behavior may occur during a small part of the interval but the entire interval is scored
C. Because all time sampling methods underestimate the actual occurrence of behavior
D. Because rarely do occurrences of the behavior occur throughout the entire interval

A

D

17
Q

Event recording is not appropriate for measuring responses that…
A. Do not have a clear and distinct onset an offset
B. Very widely in duration
C. Occurs so rapidly that observers cannot keep pace with recording every instance
D. All of the above

A

D

18
Q 
Event recording is best suited to measurement of responses that…
	A. Give inference to covert behavior
	B. Occur over widely varying durations
	C. Have a discrete beginning and end
	D. All of the above
A

C

19
Q 
Event recording is also referred to as…
	A. Time sampling
	B. Rate recording
	C. The tally method
	D. All of the above
A

C

20
Q 
When using partial interval recording, your data are more likely to overestimate the actual rate or duration of the target behavior when measuring…
	A. Low frequency behavior
	B. Discrete behavior
	C. Continuous behavior
	D. High frequency behavior
A

A

21
Q

When using momentary time sampling…
A. Use only fixed intervals
B. Record the duration of behavior at the end of the interval
C. Use intervals that are either variable or fixed
D. Use a signal audible to those being observed

A

C

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