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biochem lec > continuation > Flashcards

continuation Flashcards

1
Q

to which enzyme will the myoglobin release the oxygen when oxygen supply becomes inadequate

A

Cytochrome oxidase

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2
Q

What is the oxygen saturation of fetal blood at 33 MM of oxygen, 37°C and pH of 6 to 8

A

58%

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3
Q

What is the oxygen saturation of maternal blood

A

33%

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4
Q

Fetal hemoglobin is composed of

A

2 alpha chains and 2 gamma chains

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5
Q

What is the normal Hgb

A

hgbA

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6
Q

Hemoglobin A is composed of

A

2 Alpha and 2 beta chain

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7
Q

An abnormal hemoglobin consist of

A

4 B-chains

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8
Q

It has 10 times oxygen affinity than normal hemoglobin

A

hgb H

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9
Q

HGBF normally disappears after how many months

A

4 to 6 months except in anemic conditions

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10
Q

chains tha contains isoleucine and single sulfhydryl group

A

gamma chain

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11
Q

t or f: Hemoglobin H exhibit bohr’s effect

A

false, bec it does not

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12
Q

t or f: myoglobin exhibits bohr’s effect

A

true

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13
Q

This is a shift that happens at constant pH

A

isohydric effect

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14
Q

How much is taken up by the blood in carbon dioxide exchange

A

5%

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15
Q

Another name for the first chloride shift

A

Hamburgers phenomenon

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16
Q

How much carbon dioxide is transported by blood from Tissues to the lungs

A

5 to 10 ML

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17
Q

What happened to the rate of the disassociation of Oxyhemoglobin when there is a decrease in temperature

A

decrease

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18
Q

the increase in PCO2 will decrease the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is known as

A

bohrs effect

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19
Q

What will happen to the rate of dissociation of Oxyhemoglobin if there is low oxygen pressure

A

It will increase

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20
Q

what is the amount of oxygen supplied by 100 ML of blood in tissues

A

6-4 ML

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21
Q

Which gas regulates the rate and depth of respiration

A

Carbon dioxide

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22
Q

What will happen to the Ventilatory rste if the pH is low as well as the PCO2

A

Decrease Ventilatory rate

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23
Q

What happens to the rate and depth of respiration if the pH is increased and CO2 concentration is low

A

Normal rate and depth

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24
Q

What will happen to the rate and depth of respiration when the CO2 concentration in the blood is increase

A

Increased pulmunary ventilation

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25
Q

What is the PCO2 in alveolar air

A

36

26
Q

What blood favors the release of carbon dioxide

A

Arterial blood

27
Q

What blood reduced hemoglobin favors the hemoglobin-CO2 combination

A

Venous blood

28
Q

This blood carries more CO2 in the form of carbamino compound than arterial blood

A

Venous blood

29
Q

This enzyme makes the CO2 hydrated to carbonic acid and it is also used to reverse dehydration

A

Carbonic anhydrase

30
Q

This enzyme catalyzed is the synthesis of bicarbonate from carbon dioxide and water and the degradation of carbonic acidinto hydrogen and bicarbonate

A

Carbonic anhydrase

31
Q

Three forms of carbon dioxide that is carried in the blood

A

As dissolve carbonic acid, as carbamino bound carbon dioxide, as bicarbonate combined with cations, Na an K

32
Q

Dissolve carbonic acid percentage

A

5%

33
Q

Carbon me know bound carbon dioxide percent

A

20%

34
Q

Bicarbonate combined with cat ions, sodium and potassium Percent

A

75%

35
Q

CO2 content of arterial blood

A

50 volumes percent

36
Q

CO2 content of venous blood

A

55 to 60 volumes percent

37
Q

How much will the whole blood take up the amount that the plasma will take

A

70 to 80 times

38
Q

What state if the hemoglobin form a reversibly stable complex

A

Ferrous state

39
Q

Volume of inspired air in oxygen tension

A

159 to 160

40
Q

Volume of alveolar here in oxygen tension

A

108 MM Hg

41
Q

Partial pressure of accident in arterial blood

A

100 mm mercury

42
Q

Partial pressures of tissues in oxygen tension

A

20-50 MM Hg

43
Q

PC02 in tissues

A

50-70 mmHg

44
Q

PCO2 in arterial blood

A

40 mmHg

45
Q

PCO2 in venous blood

A

46 mmHg

46
Q

PCO2 in Alveolar air

A

36 mmHg

47
Q

Conditions that affect the diffusion of oxygen from alveolar to venous blood

A

Size of the epithelial wall, speed of the flow of blood, and affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin

48
Q

How much is the thickness of the capillary wall and the respiratory epithelium

A

Not more than 0.004 MM

49
Q

Composition of inspired air in oxygen

A

20.95%

50
Q

Composition of inspired in of carbon dioxide

A

0.04%

51
Q

Composition of nitrogen in inspired air

A

79%

52
Q

Composition of expired air in oxygen

A

16.20%

53
Q

Composition of expired in carbon dioxide

A

4.38%

54
Q

The difference between inspired and expired in oxygen

A

4.92%

55
Q

The difference of inspired and expired in carbon dioxide

A

4.34%

56
Q

The law that governs the exchange of gases between the outside air, the blood and the different tissues of the body

A

Diffusion

57
Q

The wall of the RBC is permeable to

A

Water, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, chloride, hydrogen and slightly to sodium and potassium

58
Q

The wall of the RBC is impermeable to

A

Plasma proteins

59
Q

Name the location for the chemical receptors for respiration

A

Common carotid arteries and arch of the aorta

60
Q

This is to maintain electrolytic equilibrium

A

First chloride shift or hamburgers phenomenon

61
Q

This is to maintain electrolytic Balance

A

Second chloride shift

62
Q

Oxyhemoglobin Is in the form of

A

Potassium oxyhemoglobinate

biochem lec (8 decks)

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