Contemporary Desistance Theory Flashcards

1
Q

How should we arrange punishment?

A

There should be a diverse range of punishments which should reflect the offender.

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2
Q

Pratt et al’s meta study findings

A

There is no significant deterrent effect related to the severity of legal sanctions. Instead, certainty was significant, but it was still a weak relationship.

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3
Q

Gibbs’ findings on homicide

A

Certainty of punishment appeared more important than severity.

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4
Q

Tittle’s findings

A

Certainty appeared more important than severity.

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5
Q

Why was Tittle’s work criticised?

A

They were based on police record keeping, so accuracy is questionable.

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6
Q

Paternoster’s findings

A

Those with less experience of committing crime have higher estimates of certainty of punishment than those with greater experience. More frequent criminality leads to lower perceived risks of stations.

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7
Q

Glaser and Zeigler’s findings

A

US states with capital punishment have higher rates than those that don’t. Deterrent of death is less than deterrent of prison.

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8
Q

National Academy of Sciences

A

Evidence supporting deterrent effect of punishment was greater than it not having a deterrent effect.

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9
Q

Do police officers have deterrent effect?

A

Yes, they have an initial deterrent effect but that tails off quickly, where there remains a small longer-term effect.

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10
Q

General summary

A

Importance of swift, certain and proportionate punishment to create specific and general deterrent.
Increase the risks associated with criminality.

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