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ENCI313 > Consultation > Flashcards

Consultation Flashcards

1
Q

Identify Stakeholders

A
  • directly affected (neighbours)
  • local community
  • wider community
  • media/elected officials
  • interest groups
  • Maori groups
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2
Q

Successful Consultation

A
  • start early
  • devote time and money
  • clarify expectations
  • have honest intentions
  • be a good listener
  • learn from mistakes
    successful consultation builds trust
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3
Q

Maori Consultation

A
  • special historical and cultural relationship with water
  • need to be careful of vegetation clearance, contaminations of water, mixing of waters, discharge of ‘used’ water
  • be clear on level of consultation appropriate (national, tribal, runanga?)
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4
Q

kaitiakitanga

A

food/guardian/customs - desire to serve as guardians for natural resources and ensure continuance for future generations

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5
Q

wai tapu

A

sacred water - Maori likely to seek absolute protection

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6
Q

wai tonga

A

treasured water - Maori likely to protect quality and quantity

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7
Q

rahui

A

prohibition, often temporary, on use of a natural resource

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8
Q

Special Features of pre-industrial perspectives

A
  • need for reciprocity between people and nature
  • view of time as circular rather than linear
  • spiritual belief that spirits and natural forces influence natural events and even human thought and communication
  • profound empathy with other forms of life
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9
Q

How to avoid bad consultation

A
  • do not be too helpful
  • do not withhold information
  • do not dominate public gatherings
  • do not overconsult with squeaky wheels
  • do not try to solve problems before understanding the issues
  • do not overconsult
  • do not ask people how much money they would accept to settle
  • do not use anti-consultation ploys
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10
Q

Anti-consultation Ploys

A
  1. Faster is Safer
  2. The Stone Wall
  3. Divide and Rule
  4. The Bogus Choice
  5. Markmanship
  6. The Misdirection
  7. Pass the Buck
  8. Jam Tomorrow, Jam Yesterday, but never Jam Today
  9. The Lullaby Letter
  10. The Cotton - Wool Wall
  11. Wave a Red Flag
  12. The “I’m-your-friend” Bluff
  13. The “Have-pity-on-me” Bluff
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11
Q
  1. Faster is Safer
A
  • simplest and best ploy

- construct everything as quickly and quietly possible before they notice

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12
Q
  1. The Stone Wall
A
  • if someone finds out before project finishes ignore them and give them a stone wall
  • look for excuses that will get the project done before objectors realise
  • make use of busy schedules, budget constraints, natural disasters, personal tragedies
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13
Q
  1. Divide and Rule
A
  • an old favourite dating back to Roman times
  • “choose a route” trick for new highways: designed to split up highway objectors into three or four little camps, all at one another’s throats
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14
Q
  1. The Bogus Choice
A
  • take all possible options, eliminating the ones you don’t want people to think about
  • add a few dummy ones to add up teh numbers
  • offer them to the public as the only options
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15
Q
  1. Markmanship
A
  • give long winded speeches, being careful to say nothing of substance
  • opponents will be so worried they missed something you said they won’t comment
  • others will hear no comment from your opponents and assume they agree with you
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16
Q
  1. The Misdirection
A
  • involves long, detailed, specific response to points that are almost (but not quite) the ones the objector has raised
  • hope that the objectors feel guilty their point was unclear and you spent a great deal of time answering the wrong question
  • otherwise, you can hope that they do not have the time to listen to another long (but still not appropriate) answer
17
Q
  1. Pass the Buck
A

1) Crude Buckpassing - “thats not our responsibility, it is the responsibility of…”
2) Refined Buckpassing - staff blame elected representative, elected representative blame staff

18
Q
  1. Jam Tomorrow, Jam Yesterday, but never Jam Today
A
  • would-be participator told either that the scheme is already committed and the person should have said something earlier, or that the scheme is a long way off and too soon for comments
  • magic moment for participation is always in the past or future
19
Q
  1. The Lullaby Letter
A
  • write a soothing letter to worried persons, assuring that their views will receive fullest consideration
  • assure them of anything that will make them go to sleep
20
Q
  1. The Cotton-Wool Wall
A
  • for use if the lullaby letter doesnt work
  • meet with objectors and treat them with utmost courtesy and consideration
  • practice insincerity
  • go ahead as if nothing happened
  • be sure not to commit yourself to anything in writing
21
Q
  1. Wave a Red Flag
A
  • ” we always listen to responsible comments, but we are less likely to do so when they are accompanied by insinuations of the kind contained in your letter”
  • doesn’t matter if the original letter was responsible
  • your hope is that objectors will now send back a rude letter which you can use to discredit them
22
Q
  1. the Im-your-friend Bluff
A
  • invite objectors and say it is in their interest to withdraw their objections (they will become a laughing stock etc)
  • not recommended except against the most inexperienced objector
  • say that you will personally see that the project is modified after it is approved if they will withdraw their objection
  • they might be gullible enough to believe it
23
Q
  1. The Have-pity-on-me Bluff
A
  • tell objectors that your career or health will suffer if they do not withdraw their objections
  • desparation has set in if you are considering this ploy
24
Q

Use of Anti-consultation ploys

A
  • avoid using these as a proponent : the loss of trust will add great risk to the project
  • be prepared for others to use these when you are a stakeholder
25
Q

Franklin’s Fulcrum

A

” although there are no guarantees, the potential for public acceptance of your project is directly proportional to the amount of control you are willing to relinquish, and inversely proportional to the walls behind which you try to hide.”

26
Q

KEY POINTS

A
  • stakeholders become involved when they are potentially affected, interested, have relevant information or represent people
  • consultation more effective if begun early, properly resourced and conducted sincerely
  • proposed developments more likely to be accepted by the public when developers develop trust and relinquish control
  • consultation is a response to a need to build trust, and relates to the history of past events

ENCI313 (13 decks)

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