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Construction Technology (Submission) > Construction Technology (Submission) > Flashcards

Construction Technology (Submission) Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the buildup of a cold deck roof

A 
Plasterboard
Vapour membrane 
Insulation (typically between joists)
Timber joists
Roof deck
Waterproof membrane
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2
Q

Name some roof coverings that you would expect to see on a cold deck roof

A

Bitumen mineral felt

Mastic asphalt

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3
Q

Name some roof coverings that you would expect to see on a warm deck roof

A

EPDM
PVC
Bitumen mineral felt

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4
Q

What is the primary problem with using a cold deck roof?

A

Vulnerable to interstitial condensation in occupied buildings. As heat rises moisture settles on the underside of of the waterproof membrane and can damage the timbers and insulation below.

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5
Q

What is an inverted roof and can you explain the buildup of it?

A

Inverted roof decks typically comprise a concrete deck with insulation placed on top of the deck. This type of roof is typical in commercial buildings.

The makeup is as follows:

Internal finish
Roof deck
Screed to falls
Waterproof membrane 
Rigid insulation board
Water Flow Reducing Layer (WFRL)
Beaching gravel
Concrete paving slabs on supports
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6
Q

What is the life cycle of an asphalt roof?

A

20-55 years

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7
Q

What are the typical defects associated with an asphalt roof?

A

Blistering due to trapped air/moisture
Tears due to thermal movement
Slumping due to excessive heat gain and no application of a solar reflective paint

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8
Q

What is the current version of the RIBA Plan of Work?

A

2020

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9
Q

List the RIBA Plan of Work Stages

A
  1. Inception
  2. Preparation and Briefing
  3. Concept Design
  4. Spatial Coordination
  5. Technical Design
  6. Manufacturing and Construction
  7. Handover
  8. Use
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10
Q

What are the Building Regulations?

A

Statutory instruments that set out the minimum performance standards for the design and construction of buildings.

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11
Q

Can you name all of the approved documents?

A

A: Structure
B: Fire Safety
P: Electrical Safety

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12
Q

When were the Building Regulations introduced?

A

1965

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13
Q

Who is responsible for setting the Building Regulations?

A

Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities

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14
Q

What is the result of failing to comply with the Building Regulations?

A

Fine and/or enforcement notice

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15
Q

Which buildings do Building Regulations apply to?

A

Most new buildings and most alterations to existing buildings

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16
Q

What is the difference between a full plans notice and a building notice?

A

Full plans notices are typically used on new construction and comprise full plans of the proposed works for review and approval by Building Control. Whereas a Building Notice is only a notification that works will commence, which are subject to inspections by an Approved Inspector.

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17
Q

Draw a king post roof.

A

/|/\

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18
Q

Draw a queen post roof

A

/|¬|\

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19
Q

Which RICS information paper would you refer to on flat roofs?

A

Flat Roof Coverings 2nd Edition

20
Q

What is sarking felt?

A

A barrier fixed to the underside of pitched roofs to create a barrier from the elements

21
Q

What is double lap tiling?

A

Where a minimum two layers of tile are present in anyone location and are fixed to battens using tile nibs and nail holes. Tiles are mechanically fixed every 4th row.

22
Q

What is single lap tiling?

A

Installation of single tiles typically using a tongue and groove detail. Tiles are mechanically fixed every 2nd course.

23
Q

What is a curtain wall system?

A

A non-load-bearing enclosure comprising glazing or metal panels in a light metal framework that is tied back to the structure of a building.

24
Q

What is a stick system?

A

A type of curtain wall system comprising a grid made up of mullions and transoms typically infilled with glazing or metal panels. These are installed and connected together piece by piece.

25
Q

What is a panellised system?

A

Like unitised systems these are made off-site as prefabricated panels (bay width and storey height) connected back to the primary structural columns. The panels can be precast concrete, stone, metal etc. Very expensive.

26
Q

What is a unitised system?

A

Unitised systems are manufactured off-site and are storey height narrow-width units of aluminum framework containing glazing or opaque insulated panels. These are craned in and connected to pre-positioned brackets either fixed to the floor slab or structural frame.

27
Q

What is the minimum amount of concrete cover to prevent corrosion?

A

20-70mm in line with BS 8110.

28
Q

What is the typical distance from the underside of a profiled metal deck to the suspended ceiling?

A

300mm

29
Q

What are the different concrete floor strengths?

A

30 N/mm2 - Light traffic
35 - General industrial w. abrasive conditions
35 - Heavy industrial w. abrasive conditions
40 - General industrial
50 - Heavy industrial

30
Q

What does TRADA stand for?

A

Timber Research and Development Association

31
Q

What are some of the advantages of a Precast concrete frame?

A
  1. Consistent quality
  2. Cost effective due to repetitive casting
  3. Faster to assemble on site
32
Q

What are some of the disadvantages of a Precast concrete frame?

A
  1. Limited design options

2. Lifting equipment required on site

33
Q

What does ‘pre-stressed’ mean?

A

The material has been put under tension to increase its strength.

34
Q

What is the overall span of a Portal Frame?

A

20-60m

35
Q

What is the typical eaves height in a Portal Frame?

A

4-12m

36
Q

What type of a foundation would you expect to see on a Portal Frame?

A

Shallow strip foundations

37
Q

What types of basement construction are there?

A

Steel Intensive Basement > sheet piles are driven into the ground before excavations and these are propped by steel frames or cast in-situ floor slabs
Diaphragm Wall > Slots for panels are excavated and supported by bentonite > Reinforcement inserted and concrete poured > Water tight structure > Ground anchors required to support structure

38
Q

What types of piling are there?

A
  1. Contiguous - Piles are drilled > reinforcement added and concrete poured to form perimeter > excavate > method is not watertight so requires drained cavity. Also requires temp support.
  2. Secant - Male and female interlocking holes are cutout in the ground, reinforcement added to the male piles, concrete added. Watertight method.
  3. CFA - Concrete is poured into excavation as the auger is removed. No need for temp support.
39
Q

What waterproofing methods are available for basements?

A

Type A - Tanking > Continuous waterproof membrane applied to slab and walls (internally/externally) > risk of sulphate attack if not done externally > can’t be done retrospectively

Type B - Waterproof construction > not always water/vapour proof > not suitable for living/archiving areas > risk of sulphate attack

Type C - Drained Cavity > Accepts a small amount of water through the structure > Water is drained to a sump pump

40
Q

Which legislation covers contaminated land?

A

Environmental Protection Act 1990

41
Q

What phases are there in the EPA?

A

Phase 1 - Audit (desktop study)

Phase 2 - Survey (soil samples

42
Q

What is Radon?

A

Colourless, odourless, radioactive gas posing a risk to health in high concentrations.

43
Q

How can Radon be prevented?

A
  1. Alter pressure balance between inside and outside
  2. Install a membrane barrier
  3. Sump pump below floor and connected to fan to improve ventilation
44
Q

What is R22?

A

An ozone depleting gas which contributes to global warming.

45
Q

When was R22 banned?

A

2009 - virgin R22 banned
2014 - recycled gas banned
1 Jan 2015 - Complete ban

Construction Technology (Submission) (8 decks)

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