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European History > Constitutionalism > Flashcards

Constitutionalism Flashcards

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0
Q

Bill of Rights

A

(1689) english document declaring that sovereignty resided with parliament

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1
Q

Absolutism

A

Monarch is supreme and exceed uses full and completely unilateral power

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2
Q

Charles I

A

Stuart king who created the English civil war by fighting with parliament

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3
Q

Charles II

A

Stuart king during the restoration following cromwells interregnum

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4
Q

Colbert

A

Louis XIV financial minister who promoted mercantilism

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5
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A

Principal leader and gentry member of puritans in parliament. Took over english government as lord protector

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6
Q

Diggers and Levellers

A

Radical english groups on the 1650’s who called for abolition of private ownership

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7
Q

Divine right monarchy

A

Belief that monarchs power derived from God. James I supported this in England

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8
Q

Frederick the Great

A

(1740-86) Prussian ruler who expanded his territory by invading Austrian Silesia

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9
Q

Frederick William

A

Prussian ruler who built a strong army and infused military values into society. The great elector

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10
Q

French Classicism

A

The style in 17th c. Art and literature resembling arts in the ancient/Renaissance world. Neoclassical

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11
Q

Fronde

A

The last aristocratic revolt against the French monarch

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12
Q

Glorious Revolution

A

(1688-1689) James II abdicated and was replaced by Mary Stuart and William of Orange

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13
Q

Habeas Corpus

A

Prevents imprisonment without demonstrated cause

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14
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

(1588-1679) political theorist who advocated absolute monarchy based on his view of nature as anarchistic

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15
Q

Interregnum

A

(1649-1659) The period of cromwells rule between Charles I and II

16
Q

James I

A

Asserted divine right of kings over constitutional principles

17
Q

James II

A

Final Stuart ruler. Forced to abdicated and his successors agreed to bill of rights, guaranteeing parliaments supremacy

18
Q

John Locke

A

Political theorist who defended the glorious revolution and argued natural rights of life liberty and property

19
Q

Louis XIV

A

(1643-1704) the sun king. Established the supremacy of absolutism in 17th century France and Europe

20
Q

Maria Theresa

A

Archduchess of Austria, queen of Hungary. Lost Silesia to Prussia but kept other territories

21
Q

Mercantilism

A

Policy whereby the state and regulated the economy through tariffs subsidies and laws to the benefit of the mother country

22
Q

New Model Army

A

Disciplined fighting Protestants under Cromwell in the civil war

23
Q

Peace of Utrecht

A

(1713) concluded war of Spanish succession which forbade the Union of France and Spain despite placing a Bourbon on the spainish throne

24
Q

Peter the Great

A

Romanov czar who began westernization by incorporating manufacturing techniques and cultural practices

25
Q

Petition of Right

A

(1628) parliamentary document that restricted the Kings power. Called for recognition of the writ of habeas corpus and held that only parliament could impose taxes

26
Q

Puritan Revolution

A

Referring to the English civil war (1642-1646)

27
Q

Puritans

A

English Protestants hopping to purify the Anglican Church of Catholicism

28
Q

Restoration

A

The return of the Stuart monarch after Cromwell

29
Q

Test Act

A

(1673) law preventing Catholics and dissenters from holding office

30
Q

Versailles

A

Palace built by Louis XIV outside of Paris to subdue the nobility

31
Q

War of the Spanish Succession

A

(1701-1713) last of Louis XIV’s wars over Spain’s throne

32
Q

William of Orange

A

(1672-1702) Dutch prince and foe of Louis XIV. Became king of England in 1689

European History (8 decks)

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