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Germany 2 The Birth of Democratic Germany > Constitutional Reforms from Above 1918 > Flashcards

Constitutional Reforms from Above 1918 Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the German generals reccomend a new civilian government and an armistace?

A

29th September 1918

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2
Q

When did the stab in the back myth begin?

A

29th September 1918

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3
Q

When did the New Civilian government led by Prince Max of Baden formed?

A

30th October 1918

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4
Q

When did the revolution from below begin?

A

31st October 1918

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5
Q

When was the Kiel mutinty?

A

8th November 1918

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6
Q

When did Prince Max hand over Chancellorship to Ebert?

A

9th November 1918

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7
Q

What party was Ebert in charge of?

A

Socialist

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8
Q

When does the Kaiser flee and leave for Holland?

A

9th November 1918

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9
Q

When does the new socialist government make an agreement with the army?

A

10th November 1918

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10
Q

Who does the new socialist government make an aggreement with to gain support from the army?

A

General Groener

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11
Q

When does the new government sign an armistace to end WW1?

A

11th November 1918

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12
Q

When is the Stinnes-Legien aggreement signed?

A

15th November 1918

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13
Q

When does the USPD resign?

A

December 1918

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14
Q

When was the communist uprising led by the spartacists?

A

1st January 1919

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15
Q

How does the socialist government suppress the spartacist uprising?

A

Freikorps

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16
Q

When were the elections for the new Weimar government?

A

January 1919

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17
Q

When was there a socialist rebellion in Bavaria?

A

January 1919

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18
Q

Who led the socialist uprising in Bavaria?

A

Kurt Eisner

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19
Q

When did the new elected national assembly meet at Weimar to draw up the new constitution?

A

Febuary 1919

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20
Q

How many members did the KPD/Spartacists have in early 1919?

A

5000

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21
Q

When did the USPD form?

A

1917

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22
Q

Who was the USPD created by?

A

SPD members who were hostile to the war

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23
Q

How many members did the USPD have by 1919?

A

300,000

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24
Q

Who led the USPD?

A

Hugo Hasse and Karl Kautsky

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25
How many members did the SPD have by 1919?
1 million
26
Who led the SPD?
Ebert and Scheidemann
27
When did the SPD form a coalition with the USPD?
November-December 1918
28
Who did the working class support the most?
* KPD * USPD * SPD
29
Who did the middle class support the most?
* DDP * BVP
30
Who did the upper classes support the most?
* DVP * DNVP
31
When was the German's last major offensive during WW1?
January-March 1918
32
When did the German High Commission realise the war was lost?
End of September 1918
33
Why did Ludendorff want a revolution from above?
To prevent the monarch and traditional elites being swept away by a revolution from below
34
Why did Ludendorff want members of the military to distance themselves from the armistace?
To manufacture the stab in the back myth - remove responsibility for defeat in the war from the military leadership who had ensured that the German people were unaware of the real situation in the war.
35
What were the 4 things Prince Max immediatley do when he became chancellor?
* The 3 class franchise system was abolished in Prussia * Kaiser conceded his powers over the army and navy to the Reichstag * Chancellor and government were made accountable to the Reichstag instead of the Kaiser * Armistace negotiations were to be initiated
36
What was the stab in the back myth?
Germany lost the war because of socialist, unpatriotic, pacifist politicians and not the military
37
When did the first naval mutiny break out?
29th October 1918
38
How many sailors were imprisoned after the 1st naval mutiny?
600
39
When did 100,000 sailor mutiny and seize a ship?
4th November 1918
40
When did the sailors go out to sea for the last time during the war?
28th October 1918
41
When were workers, soldiers and sailors councils set up?
8th November 1918
42
When was administration brought to a hault in Berlin because of strikes?
9th November 1918
43
How many soldiers were killed following a military revolt after a general strike in Berlin in November?
15
44
When did anti-war and pro-Bolshevick uprisings take place throughout Germany?
4th-9th November 1918
45
When did the Kaiser abdicate?
9th November
46
When were there naval mutinies demanding the end of the war?
4th - 6th November 1918
47
Why was the SPD in a good position to take a lead when there was a revolution from below?
They were the only party that had mass working class support
48
When did Prince Max hand office over to Ebert?
9th November 1918 1pm
49
What was part of the Stinnes-Legien Agreement?
* Full legal recognition * Workers comittees * 8 hour working day * Unions agreed not to interfere with private ownership and the free market
50
When were sailors ordered to leave their quaters and then they barricaded themselves in the palace?
23rd December 1918
51
When did the regular army attack the palace where soldiers were barricading themselves in?
24th December 1918
52
When did the Freikorp attack KPD positions in Berlin?
10th January 1919
53
When was the Sparticist uprising crushed?
13th January 1919
54
Describe the Freikorps.
* General name for about 200 paramilitary groups * Recruited from demobilised soldiers * Dominated by right-wing nationalists * Saw themselves as the protector of Germany from Bolshevism
55
When was the Constituent Assembly election?
19th January 1919
56
What was the turnout percentage for the Constituent Assembly on the 19th January 1919?
83%
57
What % and how many seats did the SPD get in The Constituent Assembly election of the 19th January 1919?
38% - 165
58
Who led the Freikorps in the sparticist uprising?
General von Luttwitz - Junker
59
When did the KPD organise strikes in defence of workers' councils?
Feb 1919
60
When did the USPD pass a proposal to reject parlimentary democracy and support government by workers councils?
March 1919
61
How many people died and wounded in the military occupation of Halle?
29 dead and 67 wounded
62
Where was the only place in Germany where workers managed to break away from the control of government?
Bavaria
63
When did Eisner successfully overthrow the Bavarian government?
7th November 1918
64
Who assassinated Eisner?
Facist nationalist Anton Graf Arco
65
When was Eisner assassinated?
21st February 1919

Germany 2 The Birth of Democratic Germany (3 decks)

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