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Germany 2 The Birth of Democratic Germany > Constitutional Reforms from Above 1918 > Flashcards

Constitutional Reforms from Above 1918 Flashcards

1
Q

When did the German generals reccomend a new civilian government and an armistace?

A

29th September 1918

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2
Q

When did the stab in the back myth begin?

A

29th September 1918

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3
Q

When did the New Civilian government led by Prince Max of Baden formed?

A

30th October 1918

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4
Q

When did the revolution from below begin?

A

31st October 1918

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5
Q

When was the Kiel mutinty?

A

8th November 1918

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6
Q

When did Prince Max hand over Chancellorship to Ebert?

A

9th November 1918

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7
Q

What party was Ebert in charge of?

A

Socialist

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8
Q

When does the Kaiser flee and leave for Holland?

A

9th November 1918

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9
Q

When does the new socialist government make an agreement with the army?

A

10th November 1918

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10
Q

Who does the new socialist government make an aggreement with to gain support from the army?

A

General Groener

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11
Q

When does the new government sign an armistace to end WW1?

A

11th November 1918

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12
Q

When is the Stinnes-Legien aggreement signed?

A

15th November 1918

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13
Q

When does the USPD resign?

A

December 1918

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14
Q

When was the communist uprising led by the spartacists?

A

1st January 1919

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15
Q

How does the socialist government suppress the spartacist uprising?

A

Freikorps

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16
Q

When were the elections for the new Weimar government?

A

January 1919

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17
Q

When was there a socialist rebellion in Bavaria?

A

January 1919

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18
Q

Who led the socialist uprising in Bavaria?

A

Kurt Eisner

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19
Q

When did the new elected national assembly meet at Weimar to draw up the new constitution?

A

Febuary 1919

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20
Q

How many members did the KPD/Spartacists have in early 1919?

A

5000

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21
Q

When did the USPD form?

A

1917

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22
Q

Who was the USPD created by?

A

SPD members who were hostile to the war

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23
Q

How many members did the USPD have by 1919?

A

300,000

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24
Q

Who led the USPD?

A

Hugo Hasse and Karl Kautsky

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25
Q

How many members did the SPD have by 1919?

A

1 million

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26
Q

Who led the SPD?

A

Ebert and Scheidemann

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27
Q

When did the SPD form a coalition with the USPD?

A

November-December 1918

28
Q

Who did the working class support the most?

A
  • KPD
  • USPD
  • SPD
29
Q

Who did the middle class support the most?

A
  • DDP
  • BVP
30
Q

Who did the upper classes support the most?

A
  • DVP
  • DNVP
31
Q

When was the German’s last major offensive during WW1?

A

January-March 1918

32
Q

When did the German High Commission realise the war was lost?

A

End of September 1918

33
Q

Why did Ludendorff want a revolution from above?

A

To prevent the monarch and traditional elites being swept away by a revolution from below

34
Q

Why did Ludendorff want members of the military to distance themselves from the armistace?

A

To manufacture the stab in the back myth - remove responsibility for defeat in the war from the military leadership who had ensured that the German people were unaware of the real situation in the war.

35
Q

What were the 4 things Prince Max immediatley do when he became chancellor?

A
  • The 3 class franchise system was abolished in Prussia
  • Kaiser conceded his powers over the army and navy to the Reichstag
  • Chancellor and government were made accountable to the Reichstag instead of the Kaiser
  • Armistace negotiations were to be initiated
36
Q

What was the stab in the back myth?

A

Germany lost the war because of socialist, unpatriotic, pacifist politicians and not the military

37
Q

When did the first naval mutiny break out?

A

29th October 1918

38
Q

How many sailors were imprisoned after the 1st naval mutiny?

A

600

39
Q

When did 100,000 sailor mutiny and seize a ship?

A

4th November 1918

40
Q

When did the sailors go out to sea for the last time during the war?

A

28th October 1918

41
Q

When were workers, soldiers and sailors councils set up?

A

8th November 1918

42
Q

When was administration brought to a hault in Berlin because of strikes?

A

9th November 1918

43
Q

How many soldiers were killed following a military revolt after a general strike in Berlin in November?

A

15

44
Q

When did anti-war and pro-Bolshevick uprisings take place throughout Germany?

A

4th-9th November 1918

45
Q

When did the Kaiser abdicate?

A

9th November

46
Q

When were there naval mutinies demanding the end of the war?

A

4th - 6th November 1918

47
Q

Why was the SPD in a good position to take a lead when there was a revolution from below?

A

They were the only party that had mass working class support

48
Q

When did Prince Max hand office over to Ebert?

A

9th November 1918 1pm

49
Q

What was part of the Stinnes-Legien Agreement?

A
  • Full legal recognition
  • Workers comittees
  • 8 hour working day
  • Unions agreed not to interfere with private ownership and the free market
50
Q

When were sailors ordered to leave their quaters and then they barricaded themselves in the palace?

A

23rd December 1918

51
Q

When did the regular army attack the palace where soldiers were barricading themselves in?

A

24th December 1918

52
Q

When did the Freikorp attack KPD positions in Berlin?

A

10th January 1919

53
Q

When was the Sparticist uprising crushed?

A

13th January 1919

54
Q

Describe the Freikorps.

A
  • General name for about 200 paramilitary groups
  • Recruited from demobilised soldiers
  • Dominated by right-wing nationalists
  • Saw themselves as the protector of Germany from Bolshevism
55
Q

When was the Constituent Assembly election?

A

19th January 1919

56
Q

What was the turnout percentage for the Constituent Assembly on the 19th January 1919?

A

83%

57
Q

What % and how many seats did the SPD get in The Constituent Assembly election of the 19th January 1919?

A

38% - 165

58
Q

Who led the Freikorps in the sparticist uprising?

A

General von Luttwitz - Junker

59
Q

When did the KPD organise strikes in defence of workers’ councils?

A

Feb 1919

60
Q

When did the USPD pass a proposal to reject parlimentary democracy and support government by workers councils?

A

March 1919

61
Q

How many people died and wounded in the military occupation of Halle?

A

29 dead and 67 wounded

62
Q

Where was the only place in Germany where workers managed to break away from the control of government?

A

Bavaria

63
Q

When did Eisner successfully overthrow the Bavarian government?

A

7th November 1918

64
Q

Who assassinated Eisner?

A

Facist nationalist Anton Graf Arco

65
Q

When was Eisner assassinated?

A

21st February 1919

Germany 2 The Birth of Democratic Germany (3 decks)

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