Constitution

Question 1

Question

Answer 1

Answer

Question 2

First Constitution in the world: , an Athenian Law makers in which was later adopted in
➢
His Majesty The Fourth Druk Gyalpo commanded on for the draft constitution to be drafted
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Drafting Committee -
➢
First Public Consultations -
➢
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan was adopted on 18th July 2008

Answer 2

First Constitution in the world: Solon, an Athenian Law makers in 621BC which was later adopted in 495BC
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His Majesty The Fourth Druk Gyalpo commanded on 4th September 2001 for the draft constitution to be drafted
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Drafting Committee - 39 members
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First Public Consultations - 26th October 2005
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The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan was adopted on 18th July 2008

Question 3

Article 1:
Article 2:
Article 3:
Article 4:
Article 5:
Article 6:
Article 7:
Article 8:
Article 9:

Answer 3

Article 1: The Kingdom of Bhutan
Article 2: The Institution of Monarchy
Article 3: Spiritual heritage
Article 4: Culture
Article 5: Environment
Article 6:Citizenship
Article 7:Fundamental Rights
Article 8:Fundamental Duties
Article 9: Principles of State Policy

Question 4

Article 10:
Article 11:
Article 12:
Article 13:
Article 19:
Article 22:
Article 30:
Article 34:

Answer 4

Article 10: Parliament
Article 11: National Council
Article 12: National Assembly
Article 13: Passing of Bills
Article 19: Interim Government
Article 22: Local Government
Article 30: Pay Commission
Article 34: National Referendum

Question 5

Article ONE:

Answer 5

Democratic Constitutional Monarchy
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National Day
➢
National Language
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Supreme Law of the State
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National Flag & National Emblem – First Schedule
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Supreme Court as the final authority of its interpretation
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Encroach of 3 Branches of Govt. only as permitted by Constitution

Question 6

Article TWO: Institution of Monarchy

Answer 6

Druk Gyalpo – Head of State & Symbol of Unity
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Unification of Chhoe-Sid Nyi in the person of Druk Gyalpo
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Age of 65 – The Druk Gyalpo step down and handover to Crown Prince or Crown Princess
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Druk Gyalpo shall uphold this constitution

Question 7

Article THREE: Spiritual Heritage

Answer 7

Spiritual heritage of Bhutan – Buddhism
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Druk Gyalpo is the protector of all religions in Bhutan
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Religious institutions should remain above politics

Question 8

Article Five : Environment

Answer 8

Every Bhutanese is a trustee of environment
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60% of forest coverage for all times to come

Question 9

Article SEVEN:

Answer 9

Fundamental Rights
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Speech, opinion & expression
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Right to information
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Right to vote
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All are equal before law
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Innocent until proven guilty

Question 10

Article Eight:

Answer 10

Fundamental Duties:
Respect the national flag and anthem
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Pay taxes
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Uphold justice against corruption
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Act in aid of law

Question 11

Article NINE

Answer 11

Principle of State Policy Gross National Happiness

Question 12

Article TEN:
Article 12:
Article 19:

Answer 12

Article NINE: Principle of State PolicyGross National Happiness
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Article TEN: Parliament ; 73
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His Majesty The King
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47 members from NA
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25 members from NC
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Article 12: National Assembly
Maximum of 55 members (Not less than 2 from each Dzongkahg)
Assemble twice a year.
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Article 19: Interim Government
To be headed by Chief Justice for 90 days

Question 13

4 schedules of the constitution

Answer 13

First Schedule: The National flag & National Emblem of Bhutan
2.
Second Schedule: The National Anthem of Bhutan
3.
Third Schedule: Oath or Affirmation of Office
4.
Fourth Schedule: Oath or Affirmation of Secrecy

Question 14

1)Gem Tshering-
2)Tandin Wangchuk-
3)DN Dhungyel-
4)Lekey Dorji-
5)Chandra Gurung-
6)Yonten Phuntsho-
7)Yezang D Thapa-
8)Tshering-
9)Namgay Dorji-

Answer 14

Current Ministers of Bhutan
1)Gem Tshering- Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources
2)Tandin Wangchuk- Ministry of Health
3)DN Dhungyel- Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade.
4)Lekey Dorji- Ministry of Finance
5)Chandra Gurung- Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport.
6)Yonten Phuntsho- Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock
7)Yezang D Thapa- Ministry of Education and Skills Development.
8)Tshering- Ministry of Home Affairs
9)Namgay Dorji- Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Employment.

Question 15

Key Figures of Bhutan
1Chief Justice of Bhutan
2.Speaker, National Assembly
3.Chairperson, National Council
4., Chairman, Royal Privy Council
5.i- Chairperson, Gyalsung Programme
6.Chairman, Royal Civil Service Commission
7., Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs
8.Secretary, Ministry of Labour and Human Resources
Constitutional Post Holders:
➢, Chief Election Commissioner (ECB)
➢Chairperson, Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC)
➢ Attorney General, OAG.
➢ Auditor General, RAA

Answer 15

Key Figures of Bhutan
1.Lyonpo Chogyal Dago Rigdzin, Chief Justice of Bhutan
2.Lungten Dorji (Pangbang MP)- Speaker, National Assembly
3.Sangay Dorji (Chuka NC), Chairperson, National Council
4.Dr. Tandin Dorji, Chairman, Royal Privy Council
5.Dasho Tashi Dorji- Chairperson, Gyalsung Programme
6.Dasho Tashi Pem, Chairman, Royal Civil Service Commission
7.Aum Pema Choden, Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs
8.Aum Tashi Om, Secretary, Ministry of Labour and Human Resources
Constitutional Post Holders:
➢Dasho Sonam Topgay, Chief Election Commissioner (ECB)
➢Aum Deki Pem, Chairperson, Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC)
➢Sonam Tashi, Attorney General, OAG.
➢Dasho Tashi, Auditor General, RAA

Question 16

Commission Secretaries
➢ Secretary, Dratshang Lhentshog
➢Secretary, National Land Commission
➢ Secretary, National Environment Commission
➢Secretary, International Boundary

High-level Officials to Other RGoB Functionaries:
➢Governor, Royal Monetary Authority
➢President, Centre for Bhutan Studies and GNH Research
➢, Vice Chancellor, Royal University of Bhutan
➢Registrar of Royal University of Bhutan:
➢President, Bhutan Chamber of Commerce and Industry:
➢President-KhesarGyalpoUniversity of Medical Sciences of Bhutan;

Answer 16

Commission Secretaries
➢Dasho Zangla, Secretary, Dratshang Lhentshog
➢Dasho Tshering Gyeltshen Penjore, Secretary, National Land Commission
➢Dasho Chencho Norbu, Secretary, National Environment Commission
➢Dasho Letho Tangbi, Secretary, International Boundary
High-level Officials to Other RGoB Functionaries:
➢Dasho Penjore, Governor, Royal Monetary Authority
➢Dasho Karma Ura, President, Centre for Bhutan Studies and GNH Research
➢Dasho Nidup Dorji, Vice Chancellor, Royal University of Bhutan
➢Registrar of Royal University of Bhutan: Aum Karma Tshering
➢President, Bhutan Chamber of Commerce and Industry: Tandin Wangchuk
➢President-KhesarGyalpoUniversity of Medical Sciences of Bhutan; Dr KinzangP. Tshering

Question 17

Members of International Community in Bhutan:
➢, Resident Coordinator, United Nations.
➢Chief Representative, Japan International Cooperation Agency
➢National Country Director, Save the Children
➢European Union- , Amabassador
➢, Coordinator, Bhutan Canada Foundation
➢, Representative, World Bank
➢President of BOC:
➢Permanent Representative of Bhutan to UN.

Answer 17

Members of International Community in Bhutan:
➢Mr Karla Robin Hershey, Resident Coordinator, United Nations.
➢Mr. Yumiko Asakuma, Chief Representative, Japan International Cooperation Agency
➢Mr. M. B. Ghaley, National Country Director, Save the Children
➢European Union- Herve Delphin, Amabassador
➢Ms. Nancy Strickland, Coordinator, Bhutan Canada Foundation
➢Mr. Adama Coulibaly, Representative, World Bank
➢President of BOC: HRH Dasho Jigyel Ugyen Wangchuck
➢Pema Lektup Dorji, Permanent Representative of Bhutan to UN.

Question 18

Ambassadors to Bhutan (updated 2024):
Germany-
ï‚¡Sweden-
ï‚¡Brazil-
ï‚¡United Aab Emirates-
ï‚¡Netherlands-
ï‚¡Republic of Korea-
ï‚¡Finland-
ï‚¡Pakistan- Syed Ahmed Maroof.
ï‚¡Australia-
ï‚¡India: .

Answer 18

Ambassadors to Bhutan (updated 2024):
Germany- Dr. Philipp Ackermann.
ï‚¡Sweden- Jan Thesleff.
Brazil- Kenneth Felix Haczynski da No’brega.
ï‚¡United Aab Emirates- Abdulnasser Jamal Hussain Mohammed Alshaali.
ï‚¡Netherlands- Marisa Gerards.
ï‚¡Republic of Korea- Park Young-Sik.
ï‚¡Finland- Kimmo Lahdevirta.
ï‚¡Pakistan- Syed Ahmed Maroof.
ï‚¡Australia- Philip Victor Green OAM.
ï‚¡India: Sudhakar Dalela.

Question 19

Monarchy: Druk Gyalpo
Monarchy: Privy Council
Monarchy: Royal Family
State Religion: Dratshang Lhentshog
State Religion: Zhung Dratshang
Judiciary: Supreme Court
Judiciary: High Court
Judiciary: Dzongkhag Court
Judiciary: Dungkhag Court
Judiciary: Attorney General
Executive: Lhengye Zhungtshog
Executive: Ministries
Executive: Commissions
Legislature: Parliament
Legislature: National Council
Legislature: National Assembly
Local Government: Dzongkhag Tshogdu
Local Government: Gewog Tshogde
Local Government: Thromde Tshogde

Answer 19

Druk Gyalpo (King) is the head of state.
Privy Council consists of 2 members named by the King, 1 by Lhengye Zhungtshog, and 1 by National Council.
Royal Family includes Kings, Queens, and Legitimate Royal Issue.
Dratshang Lhentshog includes Je Khenpo, Five Lopons, and Secretary (7 members).
Zhung Dratshang consists of Monastic Bodies and Rabdeys.
Supreme Court is headed by the Chief Justice and includes Drangpons (5 members).
High Court is headed by the Chief Justice and includes Drangpons (8 members).
Dzongkhag Courts are present in 20 districts, each headed by Chief Justice and Drangpons.
Dungkhag Courts are present in 13 sub-districts, each headed by Drangpons.
The Attorney General is appointed to oversee legal matters.
Lhengye Zhungtshog (Council of Ministers) is led by the Prime Minister and includes ministers appointed through partisan, indirect election by the National Assembly.
Ministries include Agriculture, Economic Affairs, Education, Finance, Foreign Affairs, Health, Information & Communications, Home & Cultural Affairs, Labour & Human Resources, Works & Human Settlement.
Commissions include Anti-Corruption, Audit, Civil Service, Election, and Pay. These are independent agencies.
Parliament consists of the National Council and the National Assembly.
The National Council has a chair and deputy with 25 members (20 elected and 5 appointed by the King).
The National Assembly is the lower house with a speaker and deputy, limited to 55 members, elected by constituency.
Dzongkhag Tshogdu consists of 20 districts with elected Dzongdag (governors) and Tshogpas (members).
Gewog Tshogde consists of 205 blocks with elected Gup (leaders) and Mangmi (deputy leaders) along with Tshogpas.
Thromde Tshogde consists of urban municipalities with elected Thrompon (mayor) and Tshogpas.