Constipation, nausea, vomiting Flashcards
psyllium MOA
bulking agent…increase stool weight
psyllium Ae
flatulence
Lactulose/ sorbitol MOA
osmotic laxatives..synthetic dissacharide increasing osmotic pressure
Lactulose/ sorbitol AE
bloating cramps, flatulence
“sickly sweet”
magnesium citrate, magnesium hydroxide, sodium phosphate MOA and indications
indications: mag citrate and sod phosphate for bowel preps
mag hydroxide for normal constipation
osmotic laxative…also Mg stimulates cholecystokinin
magnesium citrate, magnesium ydroxide, sodium phosphate Contra and AE
contra: bowel obstruction, renal failure…careful with CHF patients
AE: dehydration, ACUTE PHOSPHATE NEPHROPATHY (calcium phosphate crystals in kidney tubules)
polyethylene glycol MOA and indications
osmotic laxative….high doses used for bowel prep…low for constipation
Senna/ Biscodyl MOA and indications
stimulant laxatives
Senna: stimulates myenteric plexus
Bisacodyl: parasympathetic stimulation
indications: constipation
Senna/ Bicodyl AE
cramping, melanosis coli
Docusate MOA
degergent laxatives
increases penetration of fluid into stool, softens it
Glycerin and mineral oil suppository / enima MOA
lubricants
mineral oil AE
never give orally ot sick patient…lipid pneumonitis if aspirated
Prochloroperazine MOA and indications
dopamine receptor antagonist in CTZ
blocks vagus nerve
indications: opiod nausea/ vomiting, also
GI disorders, inflammation, infection
Prochlorperazine AE
Parkinson’s like syndromes and freezing (ie lockjaw”
Metaclopramide MOA and indications
dopamine receptor antagonist in CTZ
also: sitmulates motility in upper GI
indications: Chemo induced nausuea / vomiting…also gastric stasis
Metaclopramide AE
parksinon’s like syndrome and freezing (ie lockjaw)
Odansetron MOA and indications
serotonin receptor antagonist…not sure if central peripheral or both
indications: chemo, radiation, post op nausea/ vomiting
Odansetron AE
QT prolongation, headache
Promethazine MOA and indications
Histamine receptor antagonist
indication: mostion sickness, inner ear problems
Promethazine AE
Sedation
Scopalomine MOA indications
cholinergic antagonist
indication: motion sickness
scopalomine AE
confusion, urinary retention, glaucoma, dry mouth
Prednisone/ dexamethasone MOA and indications
corticosteroids…nausea from increased intracranial pressure
Lorazepam/ diazepam MOA and indications
benzos..from anticipatory nausea/ vomiting
