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Gastrointestinal > Constipation > Flashcards

Constipation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the generic name of Benefiber?

A. methylcellulose

B.Psyllium

C. cluster beans

D. polycarbophil

A

C. Cluster beans

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2
Q

True or False

Metamucil is not typically recommended because interferes with the absorption of nutrients or drugs

A

False

Metamucil ( psyllium) is a bulk forming laxative which does NOT interefere with absorption of nutrients or drugs

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3
Q

Which of the following drug classes causes broncospasms?

A. Emollient Laxatives

B. Bulk Forming Laxatives

C. Stimulant Laxatives

D. Hyperosmotic Laxatives

A

B. Bulk Forming Laxatives

Bulk Forming Laxatives Include:

  1. Psyllium ( Hydrocil, Metamucil, Peridiem)
  2. Polycarbophil ( Mitrolan, Fibrcon)
  3. Methylcellulose ( Citrucel)
  4. cluster beans ( Benefiber)
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4
Q

What is the generic name of Citrucel?

A. polycarbophil

B. cluster beans

C. Psyllium

D. Methylcellulose

A

D. methylcellulose

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5
Q

Topanga is a 32 y/o female who comes to the pharmacy and asks you haw fast this Benefiber will start to work. What do you respond?

A. 1-2 Days

B. 12-24 Hours

C. 6-12 Hours

D. 30 Min to 3 Hours

E. 30 Min to 24 hours

A

B. 12-24 Hours

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6
Q

What is the brand name of psyllium?

A. Mitrolan

B. Metamucil

C. Citrucel

D. Benefiber

A

B. Metamucil

Other brand names include: Hydrocil and Peridiem

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7
Q

Which of the following medications causes flatulance?

A. Docusate Potassium ( Kasof)

B. Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)

C. Glycerin ( Fleet)

D. methylcellulose ( Citrucel)

A

D. Methylcellulose

It is the bulk forming laxatives: psyllium, polycarbophil, methylcellulose, and cluster beans

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8
Q

Esmeralda is a 21 y/o female, she is 24 weeks pregnant. She is complaining of constipation. Which of the following laxatives do you recommend? (select all that apply)

A. Castor Oil

B. Cluster Beans ( Benefiber)

C. Docusate Sodium ( Colace)

D. Lubipeoarone ( Amitiza)

A

B, C

Bulk and emollient laxatives are preferred

NOTE: Avoid stimulant and saline laxatives during pregnancy

Castor Oil is CONTRAINDICATED during pregancy

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9
Q

Which of the following is the brand name of polycarbophil? ( select all that apply)

A. Citrucel

B. Mitrolan

C. Fibrcon

D. Benefiber

A

B, C

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10
Q

Which of the following medications causes esophageal obstruction?

A. Mineral Oil ( Milkinol)

B. Magnesium Sulfate ( Epsom Salt)

C. psyllium ( Hydrocil)

D. bisacadoyl (Dulcolax)

A

C. psyllium

It is the bulk forming laxatives: polycarbophil, methylcellulose, and cluster beans

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11
Q

What is the MOA of methylcellulose?

A. Coats feces to prevent water loss

B. Cations and anions act as osmotic agents

C. increase water secretion into the colon and increases colonic bulk

D. Work on myenteric plexus to stimulate the defecation reflex, increases secretions of the colon

E. Non-Digestible fiber incorporates into the feces, the increase in volume in the colon initiates the defecation reflex. The fiber absorbs water and forms a gel that softens the stool

A

E.

A is the MOA of mineral oil, the only lubricant laxative

B is the MOA of saline laxatives

C is the MOA of stimulant laxatives

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12
Q

Match the brand/Generic

A. Docusate Sodium

B. Docusate Calcium

C. Docusate Potassium

  1. Surfak
  2. Kasof
  3. Dialose
A

A Docusate Sodium = 3

B. Docusate Calcium =1

C. Docusate Potassium =2

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13
Q

What class has the following MOA?

  1. Anionic detergents or surfactants
  2. Increase colonic fluid secretion
  3. weakly stimulate motility

A. Lubricant Laxatives

B. Emollient Laxatives

C. Saline Laxatives

D. Hyperosmotic Laxatives

A

B. Emollient Laxatives

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14
Q

Which of the following medications has an onset of 1-2 days?

A. Psyllium ( Hydrocil, Metamucil, Peridiem)

B. Docusate calcium ( Surfak)

C. Magnesium sulfate ( Epsom Salt)

D. Biscadoyl ( Dulcolax)

A

B. Docusate Calcium

Emollients Onset is 1-2 Days

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15
Q

Which of the following drugs can May increase absorption of highly lipid soluble substances.

A. Fibrcon (polycarbophil)

B. Citrucel (methylcellulose)

C. Colace ( docusate sodium)

D. Golytely ( PEG 3350)

A

C. Colace

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16
Q

What is the MOA of Milkinol?

A. Increases volume in the colon which then initiates the defecation relex

B. Weakly Stimulates Motility

C. Increases colonic fluid

D. Coats feces to prevent water loss, it lubricates the colon

A

D. Coats feces to prevent water loss, lubricates the colon

A is MOA of bulk forming laxatives

B and C are MOA of Emollients

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17
Q

Which of the following statements about Mineral oil ( Milkinol) is true? (select all that apply)

A. Prevents the absorption of water soluble vitamins

B. Prevents the absorption of fat soluble vitamins

C. Delays Gastric Emptying

D. Speeds Gastric Emptying

A

B,C

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18
Q

Which of the following medications prevents the absorption of fat soluble vitamins?

A. Metamucil (psyllium)

B. Agoral Plain ( Mineral Oil)

C. Fleet Enema ( Monobasic and Dibasic sodium phosphate)

D. Casto Oil

A

B

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19
Q

Which of the following medications will form droplets and get into the lymph nodes and create an antigen?

A. Docusate Sodium ( Colace, Dialose)

B. Polycarbophil ( Mitrolan)

C. Mineral Oil ( Agoral Plain)

D. Monobasic and Dibasic sodium phosphate (Fleet Enema)

A

C

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20
Q

Which of the following medications causes lipid pneumonia?

A. Mineral Oil ( agoral plain)

B. Senna (Sennakot)

C. Lactulose ( Cephulac)

D. Docusate ( Colace)

A

A. Mineral Oild

Oil coats epiglottis and when you breath in it seals in the bottom of lungs

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21
Q

Which of the following medications is used to prevent straining or decrease painful defecation?

A. Bulk Forming Laxatives

B. Lubricant Laxatives

C. Hyperosmotic Laxatives

D. Saline Laxatives

A

B.

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22
Q

Which of the following drug classes has an onset of 6-12 hours?

A. Bulk Forming Laxatives

B. Saline Laxatives

C. Lubricant Laxatives

D. Hyperosmotic Laxatives

A

C.

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23
Q

Which medication is not recommended for long term use because of decreased lipophilic substance absorption?

A. psyllium( Hydrocil)

B. Magnesium Citrate ( Evac-Q-Kwik)

C. Castor Oil

D. Mineral Oil

A

D

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24
Q

Which of the following statements is correct regarding lubricant laxative customer information? (select all that apply)

A. Large Doses may Leak

B. Mineral Oil will increase the synthesis of cholecystokinin

C. May Cause electrolyte imbalance

D. May Cause Hemorrhoids

A

A, D

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25
Q

Which of the following medication has the MOA of increasing water secretion into the colon and increasing colonic bulk?

A. Mineral Oil ( Agoral Plain, Milkinol)

B. Polycarbophil ( Mitrolan, Fibrcon)

C. Monobasic and Dibasic sodium phosphate ( Fleet Enema)

D. Castor Oil

A

C

A’s MOA coats feces to prevent water loss and lubricates the colon

B’s MOA is Non-digestible fiber incorporates into the feces, the increase in volume in the colon initiates the defecation reflex. The fiber absorbs water and forms a gel

D’s MOA is stimulates the defecation reflex and increases secretions of the colon

26
Q

What is the brand name of magnesium sulfate?

A. Fleet Enema

B. Haley’s M-O

C. Epsom Salt

D. Milk of Magnesia

A

C.

Fleet enema is monobasic and dibasic phosphate

Haley’s M-O is Milk of Magnesia

27
Q

What is the brand name of Magnesium hydroxide? ( Select all that apply)

A. Epson Salt

B. Milk of Magnesia

C. Haley’s M-O

D. Evac-Q-Kwik

A

B, C

28
Q

What is the generic name of Evac-Q-Kwik?

A. Magnesium Citrate

B. Magensium Hydroxide

C. Magenesium Sulfate

D. Monobasic and Dibasic Sodium Phosphate

A

A.

29
Q

Which of the following are side effects of Magnesium sulfate? (Select all that apply)

A. Nausea/ Vomiting

B. Abdominal Cramping

C. Increased mucus secretion

D. hemorrhoids

A

A, B

C is a causes of stimulant laxatives

D are causes of lubricant laxatives

30
Q

Which of the following is indicated for bowel evacuation prior to endoscopic or radiological exams?

A. Magnesium Hydroxide

B. Magnesium Citrate

C. Lactulose

D. Glycerin

A

B. Magnesium Citrate

31
Q

What increases the synthesis of cholecystokinin ( kinin makes the gut move)?

A. Calcium

B. Magnesium

C. Sodium

D. Potassium

A

B

32
Q

Which of the following drug classes will most likely cause possible electrolyte imbalance?

A. Saline Laxatives

B. Lubricant Laxatives

C. Hyperosmotic Laxatives

D. Emollient Laxatives

A

A. Saline Laxatives

33
Q

Which of the following class has on onset of action of 30 minutes to 3 hours?

A. Emollient Laxatives

B. Saline Laxatives

C. Hyperosmotic Laxative

D. Bulk Laxatives

A

B. Saline Laxatives

Emollient Laxatives have onset of 1-2 Days

Bulk Forming Laxatives have onset of 12-24 hours

Lubricant Laxatives have an onset of 6-12 hours

Hyperosmotic Laxatives have an onset of 30 minutes to 24hours

Stimulants Laxatives have an onset of….

  • Tablets is 6-12 hours
  • Suppositories is 15- 30minutes
34
Q

Which of the following patients should not receive Saline Laxatives? (Select all that apply)

A.Patients with Diabetes

B. Patients with Chronic Heart Disease

C. Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

D. Patients with Dyslipedemia

E. Patients who are currently lactaing

A

B,C,E

  1. NOTE: Saline Laxatives
    1. Do not use in patients that are fluid, sodium, or potassium restricted like CHF and renal disease
  2. NOTE: Special Population, Pregnancy
    1. Avoid stimulant and saline laxatives during pregnancy and lactation
35
Q

Which of the following saline laxatives may be used for initial treatment of acute constipation (<1 week)? (Select all that apply)

A. Milk of Magnesia

B. Epsom Salt

C. Fleet Enema

D. Evac-Q-Kwik

E. Haley’s M-O

A

A, E

Magnesium Hydroxide may be used for initial treatment of acute constipation

36
Q

Which of the following are counseling points for saline laxatives? (select all that apply)

A. Chill before drinking

B. large doses may leak or cause hemorroids

C. Not for PRN

D. Take with water due to dehydration

A

A, E

37
Q

What is the brand name of Lactulose? (Select all that apply)

A. Fleet

B. Chronulac

C. Cephulac

D. Colyte

E. Miralax

A

B,C

38
Q

What the Brand name of Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG)?

A. Miralax

B. Miranol

C. Maalox

D. Miznalghas

A

A.

39
Q

Which of the following medications is unchanged until it reaches the colon where bacteria break it down to lactic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, carbon dioxide, and sugars.

A. Polyethyelene glycol 3350-electrolyte solution ( Colyte, Golytely, Nulytely)

B. Polyethyelene glycol 3350 ( Miralax)

C. Glycerin ( Fleet)

D. Lactulose ( Chronulac, Cephulac)

A

D. Lactulose

The acids from the breakdown lower th pH in the colon which stimulates mucus secretion. The sugar acts as an osmotic agent to increase secretion of water into the colon

40
Q

What is the generic name of Nulytely?

A. Glycerin

B. Polyethylene Glycol 3350

C. Polyethylene Glycol 3350-Electrolyte Solution

D. Lactulose

A

C. Nulytely

The other brand name include Colyte and Nulytely

41
Q

Which of the following medication has sodium stearate which when it is combined with the medication in suppositories act as a local irritant which increase motility.

A. Lactulose

B. bisacodyl

C. senna

D. glycerin

E. docusate potassium

A

D. Glycerin

The large glycerin molecules also draw water into the colon by osmosis

42
Q

Which of the following statements is False? (Select all that apply)

A. Haley’s M-O Uses a charge to draw water into the colon

B. Haley’s M-O uses large molecules to draw water into the colon

C. Lactulose uses a charge to draw water into the colon

D. Lactulose uses large molecules to draw water into the colon

A

B, C

43
Q

Which of the following medications act as an osmotic agent and prevent the absorption of ions?

A. PEG ( Miralax)

B. Lactulose ( Cephulac)

C. Glycerin ( Fleet)

D. Psyllium ( Metamucil)

A

A.

44
Q

Match the side effect to the drug…..

  1. Cramping and irritation with prolonged rectal use
  2. Nausea and bloating
  3. Flatulance, belching, abdominal bloating and cramping

A. Lactulose

B. Glycerin

C. PEG

A

1=B

2=C

3=A

45
Q

Which of the folloiwing statments is true? ( Select all that apply)

A. Glycerin is contraindicated in children

B. Lactulose and PEG is contraindicated for acute constipation in the elderly

C. Hyperosmotic laxatives can be used long term

D. PEG and electrolyte solutions are indicated for evacuation prior to colonoscopy or endoscopyor radiological exams

A

C, D

Glycerin is the first line treatment in children, irritation does occur when using the suppositoreis

May be used for acute constipation in the elderly, especially lactulose and PEG

46
Q

which of the following are known as Anthraqunones? (Select all that apply)

A. Bisacodyl

B. Castor Oil

C. Aloin

D. Rhubarb

E. Fragula

A

C,D,E

So is Aloe, cascara, casanthranol, and Senna

IDK think: CC FARAHS

Cascara, Casanthranol, Fragula, Aloe, Rhubarb, Aloin, Senna

47
Q

Which of the following is the brand name of senna? (select all that apply)

A. Carter’s Little Pills

B. Dulcolax

C. Ex-Lax

D. Feen-a-mint

E. Senokot

A

C,D,E

48
Q

Which of the following medications is a diphenymethane?

A. Aloin

B. Biscadoyl

C. Cascara

D. Castor Oil

A

B.

49
Q

What is the generic name of Carter’s Little Pills?

A. Senna

B. docusate sodium

C. biscadoyl

D. casanthranol

A

C.

Other brand name is dulcolax

50
Q

Which of the medications stimulates the defecation reflex and increases secretions of the colon?

A. Mineral Oil

B. Castor Oil

C. Polycarbophil

D. Docusate Calcium

A

B. Castor Oil

51
Q

Which of the following medications causes griping and cramping?

A. docusate

B. Magnesium Citrate

C. Biscodyl

D. PEG

A

C.

Other Side Effects include:

  1. Increased mucus secretion
  2. loss of fluids
  3. diarrhea
52
Q

Which of the following medications causes malabsorption and protein loss? (Select all that apply)

A. Docusate Calcium

B. Docusate Potassium

C. Biscodyl

D. Senna

A

C, D

53
Q

Which of the following medications causes electrolyte and fluid imbalance? (Select all that apply)

A. Magnesium Citrate

B. Aloin

C. Psyllium

D. PEG

A

A, B

54
Q

Which of the laxatives will cause dependency?

A. Emollient Laxatives

B. Bulk Forming Laxatives

C. Lubricating Laxatives

D. Hyperosmotic Laxatives

E. Stimulant Laxatives

A

E.

55
Q

Which of the following stimulant laxative is broken down by colonic bacteria into glycosides and anthrances.

A. Cascara

B. Rhubarb

C. Senna

D. Aloin

A

C

56
Q

True or False

Casanthranol is absorbed in the colon and secreted into the breast milk and urine

A

False

Senna is absorbed in the colon and secreted into the breast milk and urine

57
Q

Which of the following are counseling points for Dulcolax? Select all that apply

A. Do not crush

B. Do not give antacids when taking enteric coated bisacodyl tablets

C. May cause dependency

D. May be dissolved in 8 oz of water

A

A,B, C

58
Q

Which of the following medications is hydrolyzed to ricinoleic acid in the small intestine by pancreatic lipases?

A. Mineral Oil

B. Bisacodyl

C. Psyllium

D. Castor Oil

A

D

NOTE: Poor Choice because it erodes intestinal villi

DO NOT use in pregnancy because it can cause premature labels

59
Q

Aislinn is a 8 month old female infant, her mom Lupita comes to the pharmacy to ask for a recommendation for her daughter’s constipation.

A. Glycerin Enema

B. Mineral Oil

C. Magnesium Hydroxide

D. Non-Pharmacologic Approach

A

D.

NOTE: Avoid laxatives in children under 2 years of age unless directed by a physician…Try non-pharmacologic approaches whenever possible

60
Q

Which of the following statements are true?

A. Avoid laxatives in children under 5 y/o unless directed by a physician

B. Glycerin suppositories are preferred in children under the age of 2

C. All laxatives are approved at age/weight appropriate dose in children 6-12

D. Haley’s MO, docusate, and sennosides are recommended in children under 2

A

C.

NOTE: Children > 17 y/o use polyethylene glycol

61
Q

Which of the following statement is true?

A. Non-Pharmacologic therapy will help oipiod induced constipation

B. Metamucil is recommeded for OIC

C. Only one laxative is recommended for OIC at a time

D. Miralax is recommened for OIC

A

D.

A is wrong because you can use it but it will unlikely help alone

B is wrong because BULK laxatives are not recommened due to increasing bulk can lead to obstruction

C is wrong because more than one laxative may be needed to be used at at time…think of mushy and pushy…you use docusate and bisacodyl

62
Q
  1. Suppositories: he has a video
  2. Enemas
A

Gastrointestinal (3 decks)

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