Considerations and Reactions - Anti-Infectives

Question 1

Class of anti-infectives that can cause yellow or brown discoloration of teeth

Answer 1

Tetracyclines (antibiotics)

Question 2

Anti-infective drug that can cause “red-man syndrome” when administered ________

Answer 2

Vancomycin (antibiotic); intravenously

Question 3

Classes of antibiotics known to cause allergic or hypersensitive reactions

Answer 3

Beta-lactams and sulfanomides

Question 4

Common adverse reactions to antibiotics (3)

Answer 4

Diarrhea, nausea, yeast infections

Question 5

Drugs ending in -cin or -acin commonly belong to __________

Answer 5

Antibiotics; Aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones

Question 6

Metronidazole, which is an anti________, can cause nausea, severe vomiting, or dizziness when mixed with this substance:

Answer 6

[Anti]biotic; alcohol

Question 7

Drugs ending in -cillin are __________

Answer 7

Antibiotics; penicillins

Question 8

Beta-lactams are a class of _________ that contain four groups of drugs:

Answer 8

Antibiotics; Cephalosporins, penicillins, carbapenems, monobactams

Question 9

Two classes of antibiotics that begin with N

Answer 9

Nitrofurans and nitroimidazoles

Question 10

Drugs containing cef- belong to the _________ class of ___________

Answer 10

Cephalosporin (beta-lactams); antibiotics

Question 11

Two lab tests that may be used to monitor the functioning of the kidneys when taking certain antibiotics

Answer 11

BUN and SCr; Blood urea Nitrogen and serum creatinine level

Question 12

These two antibiotics should not be mixed in the same IV line

Answer 12

Ampicillin and aminoglycosides

Question 13

_____________, an antibiotic, can be hard on the kidneys and cause nephrotoxicity at high doses

Answer 13

Vancomycin

Question 14

_________ is an antibiotic that should not be taken with wine, aged cheese, or chocolate

Answer 14

Linezolid

Question 15

These types of antibiotics can be a somewhat common allergy for some patients

Answer 15

Penicillins

Question 16

The ______________ class of antibiotics can cause increased risk of tendon issues

Answer 16

Fluoroquinolones

Question 17

Steroids, like betamethasone, can be added to topical forms of this type of anti-infective

Answer 17

Antifungals

Question 18

This antifungal is available OTC

Answer 18

Miconazole

Question 19

Drug ending in -azole commonly belong to the __________ group of anti-infectives, but can also belong to __________

Answer 19

Anti-fungal; antibiotics

Question 20

Common adverse reactions associated with antifungal drugs (4)

Answer 20

Liver damage (hepatotoxicity), nausea, diarrhea, skin irritation (for topical)

Question 21

_______________, a type of antifungal, is known to cause allergic reactions, though rare

Answer 21

Amphotericin B

Question 22

These 5 antifungals require liver monitoring

Answer 22

Fluconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, itraconazole, terbinafine

(Diflucan, Nizoral, Lotrimin, Sporanox, Lamisil) (in order)

Question 23

Drugs containing AF can be a hint that they belong to the _________ group of anti-infectives

Answer 23

Antifungal

Question 24

Itraconazole is an anti_______ and should be administered with this condition

Answer 24

[anti]fungal; should be taken with a full meal

Question 25

Ketoconazole should not be mixed with....

Answer 25

alcohol

Question 26

__________, an antifungal, should not be used in pregnant patients

Answer 26

Fluconazole

Question 27

A type of virus that is difficult to treat with antivirals

Answer 27

Cold viruses

Question 28

These types of drugs can be used to help prevent the effects of HIV

Answer 28

PrEP and PEP; HIV-pre-exposure prophylaxis

Question 29

Common adverse reactions associated with antivirals (3)

Answer 29

Headache, nausea, abdominal pain

Question 30

Zovirax buccal tablets (generic name ___________) should be avoided in patients who have an allergy to...

Answer 30

Acyclovir; milk proteins (antiviral)

Question 31

These two antiviral drugs can reduce the efficacy of varicella vaccines (VAR and MMRV)

Answer 31

Valacyclovir and acyclovir

Question 32

These two antiviral drugs can reduce the efficacy of the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)

Answer 32

Oseltamivir and zanamivir (FluMist)

Question 33

For drugs that interfere with the efficacy of the LAIV vaccinations, these drugs should not be taken ________ before or ________ after vaccine administration

Answer 33

2 weeks; 48 hours (oseltamivir and zanamivir)

Question 34

For drugs that interfere with the efficacy of the VAR and MMRV vaccinations, these drugs should not be taken ________ before or ________ after vaccine administration

Answer 34

24 hours; 2 weeks (valacyclovir and acyclovir)

Question 35

Drugs ending in -vir commonly belong to the ____________ group of anti-infectives

Answer 35

antiviral

Question 36

Special consideration for PrEP and PEP drugs; these also belong to the _________ group

Answer 36

Patients must be HIV negative before starting; antiviral

Question 37

Kidney function may be monitored when taking these antivirals (4)

Answer 37

Acyclovir, valacyclovir, emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, and emtricitabine/tenofovor disoproxil

Question 38

This antiviral can weaken barrier contraceptives

Answer 38

Imiquimod (Aldara)

Question 39

High-alert antivirals

Answer 39

PrEP and PEP drugs

Question 40

Common adverse reactions to antiparasitics (3)

Answer 40

Headache, nausea, vomiting

Question 41

Long-term use of antiparasitics may cause damage to this organ

Answer 41

Liver (Could accept heart as well but that is specific to certain drugs)

Question 42

Long-term use of these two antiparasitics may cause heart issues

Answer 42

Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine

Question 43

Hydroxychloroquine, when mixed with _________, can cause major heart issues

Answer 43

Amiodarone

Question 44

Drugs ending in -quine belong to the __________ group of anti-infectives and treat _______

Answer 44

Antiparasitics; malaria

Question 45

In the antiparasitics group, ___________ should be taken with food, while ___________ should be taken on an empty stomach

Answer 45

Atovaquone; ivermectin

Question 46

This type of virus commonly treated by antivirals is highly contagious and can appear in different forms

Answer 46

Herpes

Question 47

This type of virus can lead to chicken pox and shingles

Answer 47

Varicella-zoster

Question 48

_______ is a term used to describe a fungal infection

Answer 48

Tinea

Question 49

Doxycycline and minocycline are part of the _______ group of anti-infectives and are _____________ class

Answer 49

Antibiotics; tetracycline

Question 50

Tetracyclines, which are anti________, should be avoided in this population

Answer 50

[anti]biotic; children under 8

Question 51

These three antibiotics should be used with caution in patients with a penicillin allergy

Answer 51

Ertapenem, meropenem, azteronam

Question 52

These two antibiotics interfere with many meds

Answer 52

Erythromycin and clarithromycin

Question 53

__________ reacts with aminoglycosides; these are anti_______

Answer 53

Ampicillin; [anti]biotics

Question 54

This antibiotic should be taken on an empty stomach

Answer 54

Penicillin V

Question 55

These types of anti-infectives may have some drugs that need to be separated from meds or supplements containing calcium, iron, aluminum, and/or magnesium

Answer 55

Antibiotics

Question 56

_________, an antibiotic, can cause discoloration of bodily fluids

Answer 56

Rifampin

Question 57

These two antibiotics can change taste

Answer 57

Clarithromycin and metronidazole

Question 58

Take with food

Answer 58

Atovaquone (Mepron) - antifungal and parasitic

Question 59

Interacts with heart rhythm meds (2)

Answer 59

Hydroxychloroquine Chloroquine

Question 60

Take on empty stomach (oral tablet form)

Answer 60

Ivermectin (Stromectol)

Question 61

Leave on body for 8-14 hours

Answer 61

Permethrin (Elimite) cream

Question 62

Apply in a well-ventilated area

Answer 62

Pyrethrin